Are hemodynamics responsible for inflammatory changes in venous vessel walls? A quantitative study of wall-enhancing intracranial arteriovenous malformation draining veins.

Objective: Signal enhancement of vascular walls on vessel wall MRI might be a biomarker for inflammation. It has been theorized that contrast enhancement on vessel wall imaging (VWI) in draining veins of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may be associated with disease progression and development of venous stenosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vessel wall enhancement and hemodynamic stressors along AVM draining veins.

Vessel wall imaging and quantitative flow assessment in arteriovenous malformations: A feasibility study.

Introduction: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) carry a rupture rate of 2-3% per year. Several architectural factors may influence rupture rate, and a recently theorized model of AVMs describes the influence of vessel wall inflammation. A novel imaging modality, vessel wall imaging (VWI), has been developed to view inflammatory processes in vessel wall foci but has not yet been examined in AVMs, which is the aim of this study.

Impact of cerebral aneurysm size on distal intracranial hemodynamics and changes following flow diversion.

Background: The impact of cerebral aneurysm size on distal intracranial hemodynamics such as arterial pressure and Pulsatility Index is not completely understood, either before or after flow diversion.

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of aneurysm size on distal Pulsatility Index and pressure before and after flow diversion.

Methods: From December 2015, prospective measurement of middle cerebral artery pressure and Pulsatility Index was performed in consecutive patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms in the cavernous to communicating segments of the internal carotid artery, which were treated with single flow diversion.

Morbidity and mortality associated with sequential flow reduction embolization technique of cerebral arteriovenous malformations using n-butyl cyanoacrylate.

Background: Endovascular embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) with liquid n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) serves multiple purposes including AVM occlusion and flow reduction in preparation for other treatment modalities. The objective was to study the clinical, structural, and angiographic factors affecting complications associated with AVM treatment by sequential n-BCA embolizations for nidal occlusion versus quantitative flow reduction in preparation for surgical resection or radiosurgery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients who underwent endovascular embolization of cerebral AVM at our institution between 1998 and 2019, during which time the technique of traditional embolization evolved to a strategy of targeted sequential flow reduction guided by serial flow imaging based on quantitative magnetic resonance angiography, in conjunction with a shift away from nidal penetration.

The Oncopig Cancer Model: An Innovative Large Animal Translational Oncology Platform.

Despite an improved understanding of cancer molecular biology, immune landscapes, and advancements in cytotoxic, biologic, and immunologic anti-cancer therapeutics, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. More than 8.2 million deaths were attributed to cancer in 2012, and it is anticipated that cancer incidence will continue to rise, with 19.