0.5T MRI as a competitor to CT for sinus imaging.

The goal of this study was to determine how radiologists' rating of image quality when using 0.5T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compares to Computed Tomography (CT) for visualization of pathology and evaluation of specific anatomic regions within the paranasal sinuses. 42 patients with clinical CT scans opted to have a 0.

Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in NBCe1-B/C-Knockout Mice.

Congenital proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) is a rare systemic disease caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter, NBCe1. The major NBCe1 protein variants are designated NBCe1-A, NBCe1-B, and NBCe1-C. NBCe1-A expression is kidney-specific, NBCe1-B is broadly expressed and is the only NBCe1 variant expressed in the heart, and NBCe1-C is a splice variant of NBCe1-B that is expressed in the brain.

NH/NH allosterically activates SLC4A11 by causing an acidic shift in the intracellular pK that governs H(OH) conductance.

SLC4A11 is the most abundant membrane transport protein in corneal endothelial cells. Its functional presence is necessary to support the endothelial fluid pump that draws fluid from the corneal stroma, preventing corneal edema. Several molecular actions have been proposed for SLC4A11 including HO transport and cell adhesion.

Seeking American Society of Clinical Oncology-Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (ASCO-QOPI) certification in a northern New England rural health system and cancer care network.

In 2006 following several years of preliminary study, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) launched the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI). This cancer-focused quality initiative evolved considerably over the next decade-and-a-half and is expanding globally. QOPI is undoubtedly the leading standard-bearer for quality cancer care and contemporary medical oncology practice.

Exploring attitudinal barriers to participation in inpatient fall risk assessment using the Theoretical Domains Framework: A survey of providers.

Background And Aims: Lack of provider (physicians and advanced practice providers) participation in fall risk assessment was theorized to be contributing to rising rates of falls with injury at our institution. This project sought to identify if attitudinal barriers to inpatient provider participation in fall risk assessment were similar to those identified in other clinical settings.

Methods: Barriers to provider participation in fall risk assessment were identified in the literature.

NBCe1-B/C-knockout mice exhibit an impaired respiratory response and an enhanced renal response to metabolic acidosis.

The sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe1) has three primary variants: NBCe1-A, -B and -C. NBCe1-A is expressed in renal proximal tubules in the cortical labyrinth, where it is essential for reclaiming filtered bicarbonate, such that NBCe1-A knockout mice are congenitally acidemic. NBCe1-B and -C variants are expressed in chemosensitive regions of the brainstem, while NBCe1-B is also expressed in renal proximal tubules located in the outer medulla.

The cost of ischaemic stroke in Croatia.

Objective: The aim of this analysis was to estimate 1 year and long-term cost and quality of life of ischaemic stroke patients in Croatia. In addition, we aimed to identify and estimate key categories of costs and outcomes driving the burden of stroke in Croatian healthcare system.

Methods: Data were derived from analysis of the RES-Q Registry for Croatia in 2018 and supplemented with clinical expert opinion and relevant medical, clinical and economic literature to estimate the course of the disease and treatment patterns in Croatian healthcare system.

Thoracic point-of-care ultrasound is an accurate diagnostic modality for clinically significant traumatic pneumothorax.

Objective: There are conflicting data regarding the accuracy of thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in detecting traumatic pneumothorax (PTX). The purpose of our study was to determine the accuracy of thoracic POCUS performed by emergency physicians for the detection of clinically significant PTX in blunt and penetrating trauma patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective institutional review board-approved study of trauma patients 15 years or older presenting to our urban Level I academic trauma center from December 2021 to June 2022.

Minimal Aortic Injury Detected on Computed Tomography Angiography during Initial Trauma Imaging: Single Academic Level 1 Trauma Center Experience.

Background:  Minimal aortic injury (MAI), a subtype of acute traumatic aortic injury, is being increasingly recognized with better imaging techniques. Given conservative management, the role of follow-up imaging albeit important yet has to be defined.

Methods:  All trauma chest computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) at our center between January 2012 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed for presence of MAI.

A Quick Reference Guide for Incidental Findings on Lung Cancer Screening CT Examinations.

Purpose: The US Preventive Services Task Force has recommended lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) in high-risk individuals since 2013. Because LDCT encompasses the lower neck, chest, and upper abdomen, many incidental findings (IFs) are detected. The authors created a quick reference guide to describe common IFs in LCS to assist LCS program navigators and ordering providers in managing the care continuum in LCS.

Distinguishing among HCO 3- , CO 3= , and H + as Substrates of Proteins That Appear To Be "Bicarbonate" Transporters.

Background: Differentiating among HCO 3- , CO 3= , and H + movements across membranes has long seemed impossible. We now seek to discriminate unambiguously among three alternate mechanisms: the inward flux of 2 HCO 3- (mechanism 1), the inward flux of 1 CO 3= (mechanism 2), and the CO 2 /HCO 3- -stimulated outward flux of 2 H + (mechanism 3).

Methods: As a test case, we use electrophysiology and heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes to examine SLC4 family members that appear to transport "bicarbonate" ("HCO 3- ").

Corneal dystrophy mutations R125H and R804H disable SLC4A11 by altering the extracellular pH dependence of the intracellular pK that governs H(OH) transport.

Mutations in the H(OH) conductor SLC4A11 result in corneal endothelial dystrophy. In previous studies using mouse Slc4a11, we showed that the pK value that governs the intracellular pH dependence of SLC4A11 (pK) is influenced by extracellular pH (pH). We also showed that some mutations result in acidic or alkaline shifts in pK, indicating that the pH dependence of SLC4A11 is important for physiological function.

Revisiting the Role of Ser982 Phosphorylation in Stoichiometry Shift of the Electrogenic Na/HCO Cotransporter NBCe1.

In most cell types and heterologous expression systems, the electrogenic sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1 operates with a 1Na-2HCO stoichiometry that, given typical transmembrane electrochemical gradients, promotes Na+ and HCO influx. However, NBCe1 in the kidney mediates HCO efflux (HCO reabsorption), a direction that has been predicted to be favored only if NBCe1 operates with a 1:3 stoichiometry. The phosphorylation state of Ser982 in the cytosolic carboxy-terminal domain of NBCe1 has been reported to be a key determinant of the transporter stoichiometry, with non-phosphorylated Ser982 favoring a 1:3 stoichiometry.

Flower lose, a cell fitness marker, predicts COVID-19 prognosis.

Risk stratification of COVID-19 patients is essential for pandemic management. Changes in the cell fitness marker, hFwe-Lose, can precede the host immune response to infection, potentially making such a biomarker an earlier triage tool. Here, we evaluate whether hFwe-Lose gene expression can outperform conventional methods in predicting outcomes (e.

Retrospective Review of Multitarget Stool DNA as a Screening Test for Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: To review the effectiveness of noninvasive multitarget stool DNA testing as a screening test for colorectal cancer.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients referred to 2 high volume outpatient procedural centers for colonoscopy for positive Cologuard test. Positive findings for colorectal cancer based on pathologic findings and also advanced adenomas were recorded.

The molecular identity of the characean OH transporter: a candidate related to the SLC4 family of animal pH regulators.

Characeae are closely related to the ancient algal ancestors of all land plants. The long characean cells display a pH banding pattern to facilitate inorganic carbon import in the acid zones for photosynthetic efficiency. The excess OH, generated in the cytoplasm after CO is taken into the chloroplasts, is disposed of in the alkaline band.

Kidney physiology and pathophysiology during heat stress and the modification by exercise, dehydration, heat acclimation and aging.

The kidneys' integrative responses to heat stress aid thermoregulation, cardiovascular control, and water and electrolyte regulation. Recent evidence suggests the kidneys are at increased risk of pathological events during heat stress, namely acute kidney injury (AKI), and that this risk is compounded by dehydration and exercise. This heat stress related AKI is believed to contribute to the epidemic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurring in occupational settings.

The therapeutic importance of acid-base balance.

Baking soda and vinegar have been used as home remedies for generations and today we are only a mouse-click away from claims that baking soda, lemon juice, and apple cider vinegar are miracles cures for everything from cancer to COVID-19. Despite these specious claims, the therapeutic value of controlling acid-base balance is indisputable and is the basis of Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for constipation, epilepsy, metabolic acidosis, and peptic ulcers. In this narrative review, we present evidence in support of the current and potential therapeutic value of countering local and systemic acid-base imbalances, several of which do in fact involve the administration of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).

Identifying three otopathologies in humans.

Objectives: Hearing-in-noise (HIN) is a primary complaint of both the hearing impaired and the hearing aid user. Both auditory nerve (AN) function and outer hair cell (OHC) function are thought to contribute to HIN, but their relative contributions are still being elucidated. OHCs play a critical role in HIN by fine tuning the motion of the basilar membrane.