Effects of hip joint transverse plane range of motion with a modeled effusion and capsular tear: A cadaveric study.

Background: Multiple factors contribute to range of motion of the hip joint in the transverse plane: bony anatomy, hip capsule, corresponding ligaments, articular labrum, ligamentum teres, and negative intra-articular pressure. We hypothesized that violation of the negative pressure of the hip and simulation of an effusion would increase range of motion in the transverse plane in a cadaver model.

Methods: Ten hip specimens were obtained and dissected with the femur and iliac wing mounted in a custom joint-testing rig in neutral position.

A quantitative analysis of the effect of baseplate and glenosphere position on deltoid lengthening in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Context: Optimizing deltoid tension is important to achieve maximal function after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA), but the effects of baseplate and glenosphere positions on deltoid tension have not been quantified.

Aims: To quantify deltoid elongation and elongation to failure under physiologic loads with three baseplate-glenosphere configurations with increasing inferior offset.

Settings And Design: Cadaver biomechanical study.

A review of surgical and nonsurgical outcomes of medial knee injuries.

Medial-sided knee injuries can result in pain, instability, and loss of function. Many clinical studies have been written on the treatment of medial-sided knee injuries; however, the vast majority are isolated case series of surgical or nonoperative treatment regimens, and only a few randomized prospective clinical trials can be found in the literature that compare different treatment modalities. Comparison of these treatments is challenging due to the variety of medial-sided structures that can be involved, the multiple different approaches to treatment, and the variability of how objective and subjective clinical outcomes are reported.

Current concept review: vitamin D and stress fractures.

Critical review of the available evidence indicates that a relationship exists between sufficient vitamin D status and stress fractures, although genetic and environmental factors are involved as well. Patients at high risk for stress fracture should be educated on protective training techniques and the potential benefits of supplementation with combined calcium and vitamin D, particularly if increased exercise is planned during winter or spring months, when vitamin D stores are at their lowest. The amount of vitamin D intake required is highly variable depending on many factors including sun exposure, and therefore many recommendations have been made for daily vitamin D intake requirements.