Core requirements of frailty screening in the emergency department: an international Delphi consensus study.

Introduction: Frailty is associated with adverse outcomes among patients attending emergency departments (EDs). While multiple frailty screens are available, little is known about which variables are important to incorporate and how best to facilitate accurate, yet prompt ED screening. To understand the core requirements of frailty screening in ED, we conducted an international, modified, electronic two-round Delphi consensus study.

Comparing frailty prevalence between countries: validation of the Global Burden of Disease study Frailty Index (GBD-FI) in the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe.

Background: Accurate comparable prevalence proportions are required to better understand the epidemiology of frailty. Estimates in many countries are missing or incomparable. The Global Burden of Disease Frailty Index (GBD-FI) applies the deficit accumulation model to generate frailty scores from items available in the Global Burden of Disease study.

Validation of a Harmonised, Three-Item Cognitive Screening Instrument for the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-Cog).

More accurate and standardised screening and assessment instruments are needed for studies to better understand the epidemiology of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Europe. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) does not have a harmonised multi-domain cognitive test available. The current study proposes and validates a new instrument, the SHARE cognitive instrument (SHARE-Cog), for this large European longitudinal cohort.

Frailty Knowledge, Use of Screening Tools, and Educational Challenges in Emergency Departments in Ireland: A Multisite Survey.

Background: Recognizing frailty and providing evidenced-based management in busy emergency departments is challenging. Understanding the knowledge and educational needs of ED staff is important to design training that might improve patient outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to explore frailty knowledge of ED staff, use of frailty screening instruments in Irish emergency departments, and educational challenges in the emergency department.

Frailty Screening in the Emergency Department: Comparing the Variable Indicative of Placement Risk, Clinical Frailty Scale and PRISMA-7.

Prompt recognition of frailty in the emergency department (ED) is important to identify patients at higher risk of adverse outcomes. Despite this, few studies examine the diagnostic accuracy of screening instruments for frailty, instead focusing on predictive validity. We compared three commonly used, short frailty screens to an independent comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in an urban University Hospital ED.

Mindfulness and Imagery Enhanced Behavioral Parenting: Effectiveness Pilot of the Confident Carers Cooperative Kids Program.

Mindfulness is increasingly offered to parents of children presenting with behavioral problems, either as a stand-alone intervention, or integrated within existing behavioral parenting interventions. There is relatively modest support for mindful parenting, with small to medium effect size improvements demonstrated across child and parent outcome measures. Here we introduce a mindfulness and imagery enhanced behavioral parenting program.

Screening for Cognitive Impairment with the Quick Memory Check: Validation of a Caregiver Administered Cognitive Screen.

Background: Self or home-administered cognitive screening instruments (CSIs) can reduce barriers to the early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Objective: To examine the acceptability and diagnostic accuracy of a caregiver-administered CSI, the Quick Memory Check (QMC).

Methods: Components of the Quick Mild Cognitive impairment (Qmci) screen (orientation, verbal fluency, and logical memory) were re-weighted to create the QMC, scored out of 100 points.

The Experience of COVID-19 Visitor Restrictions among Families of People Living in Long-Term Residential Care Facilities during the First Wave of the Pandemic in Ireland.

Public health responses to COVID-19 in long-term residential care facilities (LTRCFs) have restricted family engagement with residents. These restrictions impact on quality of care and the psychosocial and emotional well-being of family caregivers. Following a national cross-sectional web-based survey, respondents were invited to provide personal reflections on visitor restrictions.

The Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinimetric Properties of Screening Instruments to Identify Frail Older Adults Attending Emergency Departments: A Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Prompt and efficient identification and stratification of patients who are frail is important, as this cohort are at high risk of adverse healthcare outcomes. Numerous frailty screening tools have been developed to support their identification across different settings, yet relatively few have emerged for use in emergency departments (EDs). This protocol provides details for a systematic review aiming to synthesize the accumulated evidence regarding the diagnostic accuracy and clinimetric properties of frailty screening instruments to identify frail older adults in EDs.

Mindful Parent Training for Parents of Children Aged 3-12 Years with Behavioral Problems: a Scoping Review.

Objectives: While mindfulness-based parenting programs (MPPs) are increasingly popular for reducing child behavior problems, the evidence for the advantages of MPP over existing behavioral parent training is unclear. Existing systematic reviews have largely excluded the breadth of MPP protocols, including those that integrate behavioral skills components. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to map the nature and extent of research on MPPs for parents of children aged 3 to 12 years with behavioral problems.

Early identification of frailty: Developing an international delphi consensus on pre-frailty.

Background: Frailty is associated with a prodromal stage called pre-frailty, a potentially reversible and highly prevalent intermediate state before frailty becomes established. Despite being widely-used in the literature and increasingly in clinical practice, it is poorly understood.

Objective: To establish consensus on the construct and approaches to diagnose and manage pre-frailty.

The relationship between frailty and diabetes: An investigation of self-rated health, depression symptoms and quality of life in the Study of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe.

Aims: To assess the impact of diabetes and frailty on self-rated health, depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL).

Methods: Data were pooled for participants aged ≥50 years from five waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Measures included diabetes (self-reported), physical frailty (≥3/5 criteria), low self-rated health (SRH; "poor" or "fair"), depression (screened using the EURO-D ≥4) and low QoL (CASP-12 <35).

The Impact of and Interaction between Diabetes and Frailty on Psychosocial Wellbeing and Mortality in Ireland.

Frailty in middle-aged and older adults is associated with diabetes-related complications. The impact of and interaction between diabetes and frailty on psychosocial wellbeing and mortality in Ireland for adults aged ≥50 years were assessed using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Measures included diabetes status (self-reported), frailty phenotype (≥3/5 criteria), low self-rated health ("fair" or "poor"), depression screening (EURO-D index score ≥4), and low quality of life (QoL) (CASP-12 index score < 35).

Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 Nursing Home Restrictions on Visitors of Residents With Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study as Part of the Engaging Remotely in Care (ERiC) Project.

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected older people. Visiting restrictions introduced since the start of the pandemic in residential care facilities (RCFs) may impact negatively on visitors including close family, friends, and guardians. We examined the effects of COVID-19 visiting restrictions on measures of perceived loneliness, well-being, and carer quality of life (QoL) amongst visitors of residents with and without cognitive impairment (CI) in Irish RCFs.

Assessing Global Frailty Scores: Development of a Global Burden of Disease-Frailty Index (GBD-FI).

Frailty is an independent age-associated predictor of morbidity and mortality. Despite this, many countries lack population estimates with large heterogeneity between studies. No population-based standardised metric for frailty is available.

The effectiveness of intermediate care including transitional care interventions on function, healthcare utilisation and costs: a scoping review.

Background And Aim: Intermediate care describes services, including transitional care, that support the needs of middle-aged and older adults during care transitions and between different settings. This scoping review aimed to examine the effectiveness of intermediate care including transitional care interventions for middle-aged and older adults on function, healthcare utilisation, and costs.

Design: A scoping review of the literature was conducted including studies published between 2002 and 2019 with a transitional care and/or intermediate care intervention for adults aged ≥ 50.

Defining the characteristics of intermediate care models including transitional care: an international Delphi study.

Background: Although there is growing utilisation of intermediate care to improve the health and well-being of older adults with complex care needs, there is no international agreement on how it is defined, limiting comparability between studies and reducing the ability to scale effective interventions.

Aim: To identify and define the characteristics of intermediate care models.

Methods: A scoping review, a modified two-round electronic Delphi study involving 27 multi-professional experts from 13 countries, and a virtual consensus meeting were conducted.

Pre-frailty as a multi-dimensional construct: A systematic review of definitions in the scientific literature.

There is as yet no widely-accepted definition of pre-frailty. We aimed to identify and examine definitions of pre-frailty in the literature to characterise important features and factors contributing to the construct using a systematic review approach with a qualitative analysis. PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Cochrane Library, ASSIA, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies conducted in any settings providing a definition or description of pre-frailty, published in English, between January 2000 and July 2018.

Non-pharmacological treatments for sleep disturbance in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

No disease-modifying treatments for dementia are available. Sleep disturbance is strongly associated with cognitive impairment. Non-pharmacological treatments targeting sleep may offer an alternative therapeutic approach.

Defining frailty for healthcare practice and research: A qualitative systematic review with thematic analysis.

Objective: To identify and examine definitions of frailty using qualitative thematic analysis.

Design: A qualitative meta-aggregative systematic review.

Data Sources: The database search was performed using ASSIA, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed and Google Scholar databases.