A novel self-assembling peptide for hemostasis during endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized controlled trial.

Background:  Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is associated with a risk of bleeding. Bleeding is usually treated with diathermy, although this does carry a risk of mucosal thermal injury. Purastat is a topical hemostat that may be effective in controlling bleeding during ESD, thereby reducing the use of heat therapy.

Who pays and how much? A cross-sectional study of out-of-pocket payment for modern contraception in Kenya.

Objectives: Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment for modern contraception is an understudied component of healthcare financing in countries like Kenya, where wealth gradients in met need have prompted efforts to expand access to free contraception. This study aims to examine whether, among public sector providers, the poor are more likely to receive free contraception and to compare how OOP payment for injectables and implants-two popular methods-differs by public/private provider type and user's sociodemographic characteristics.

Design, Setting And Participants: Secondary analyses of nationally representative, cross-sectional household data from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey.

Trends in Demographic and Health Survey data quality: an analysis of age heaping over time in 34 countries in Sub Saharan Africa between 1987 and 2015.

Objective: This paper evaluates one aspect of data quality within DHS surveys, the accuracy of age reporting as measured by age heaping. Other literature has explored this phenomenon, and this analysis build on previous work, expanding the analysis of the extent of age heaping across multiple countries, and across time.

Results: This paper makes a comparison of the magnitude of Whipple's index of age heaping across all Demographic and Health Surveys from 1986 to 2015 in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Who Meets the Contraceptive Needs of Young Women in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Purpose: Despite efforts to expand contraceptive access for young people, few studies have considered where young women (age 15-24) in low- and middle-income countries obtain modern contraceptives and how the capacity and content of care of sources used compares with older users.

Methods: We examined the first source of respondents' current modern contraceptive method using the most recent Demographic and Health Survey since 2000 for 33 sub-Saharan African countries. We classified providers according to sector (public/private) and capacity to provide a range of short- and long-term methods (limited/comprehensive).

DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES IN FIRST BIRTH BEHAVIOUR TO ECONOMIC RECESSION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.

Economic conditions have dramatic influences on fertility. This paper evaluates the effect of the 2008 'Great Recession' in the UK on first birth rate, which is the fertility behaviour most susceptible to external economic conditions. The key aim of the study was to assess the effect of the recession on fertility by individual-level characteristics, enabling variation in responses to economic hardship to be observed.

Capturing the temporal sequence of interaction in young siblings.

We explored whether young children exhibit subtypes of behavioral sequences during sibling interaction. Ten-minute, free-play observations of over 300 sibling dyads were coded for positivity, negativity and disengagement. The data were analyzed using growth mixture modeling (GMM).

Contraceptive confidence and timing of first birth in Moldova: an event history analysis of retrospective data.

Objectives: To test the contraceptive confidence hypothesis in a modern context. The hypothesis is that women using effective or modern contraceptive methods have increased contraceptive confidence and hence a shorter interval between marriage and first birth than users of ineffective or traditional methods. We extend the hypothesis to incorporate the role of abortion, arguing that it acts as a substitute for contraception in the study context.

Contraceptive behavior among women after abortion in Nepal.

Objective: To investigate the timing of contraceptive use and estimate the discontinuation rates of temporary methods among women after abortion, or a live birth or stillbirth.

Methods: A sample of married women with detailed pregnancy and contraceptive histories was analyzed in a population-based cross-sectional study based on calendar data extracted from the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Kaplan-Meier cumulative and discrete-time hazard models were used to estimate the timing of contraceptive use and discontinuation rates among users of temporary methods.

Is traditional contraceptive use in Moldova associated with poverty and isolation?

This study investigates the correlates of traditional contraceptive use in Moldova, a poor country in Europe with one of the highest proportions of traditional contraceptive method users. The high reliance on traditional methods, particularly in the context of sub-replacement level fertility rate, has not been systematically evaluated in demographic research. Using cross-sectional data on a sub-sample of 6039 sexually experienced women from the 2005 Moldovan Demographic and Health Survey, this study hypothesizes that (a) economic and spatial disadvantages increase the likelihood of traditional method use, and (b) high exposure to family planning/reproductive health (FP/RH) programmes increases the propensity to modern method use.