Uterine perforation during brachytherapy for cervical cancer: Complications, outcomes, and best practices for forward treatment planning and management.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of uterine perforations, review the associated complications, and propose guidelines for management of perforations after brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients with cervical cancer who received single or multiple high-dose-rate brachytherapy implants between April 2006 and May 2017 at a single academic institution. CT and MRI images were retrospectively evaluated to record incidences of uterine perforation of tandem during brachytherapy.