Determining the efficacy of barbotage for pain relief in calcific tendinitis.

Background: Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis is a common cause of shoulder discomfort. Ultrasound-guided barbotage consists of needle aspiration and a subsequent lavage of calcium deposits in the shoulder. While barbotage has proven benefit, other options have also shown similar symptom improvement.

A plastidial retrograde signal potentiates biosynthesis of systemic stress response activators.

Plants employ an array of intricate and hierarchical signaling cascades to perceive and transduce informational cues to synchronize and tailor adaptive responses. Systemic stress response (SSR) is a recognized complex signaling and response network quintessential to plant's local and distal responses to environmental triggers; however, the identity of the initiating signals has remained fragmented. Here, we show that both biotic (aphids and viral pathogens) and abiotic (high light and wounding) stresses induce accumulation of the plastidial-retrograde-signaling metabolite methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP), leading to reduction of the phytohormone auxin and the subsequent decreased expression of the phosphatase PP2C.

A Case Series of Successful Repair of Articular Cartilage Fragments in the Knee.

Background: It is unclear whether chondral fragments without bone have the potential to heal after fixation. Controversy exists and opinions differ regarding the optimal treatment of chondral defects after pure chondral fracture.

Purpose: To determine clinical and radiographic outcomes after internal fixation of traumatic chondral fragments repaired to bone in the knee.

The MAP4 Kinase SIK1 Ensures Robust Extracellular ROS Burst and Antibacterial Immunity in Plants.

Microbial patterns are recognized by cell-surface receptors to initiate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in plants. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs), such as BIK1, and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are engaged during PTI to activate the NADPH oxidase RBOHD for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It is unknown whether protein kinases besides CPKs and RLCKs participate in RBOHD regulation.

Editorial Commentary: Science Bearing Fruit: Can the Inverted Pear Be Quantified?

It has been reported and verified that anterior glenoid bone loss can lead to increased instability of the glenohumeral joint. Many authors have tried to quantify glenoid bone loss in recurrent instability of the glenohumeral joint. Techniques have included radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography (CT), 3-dimensional CT, and arthroscopic visualization.

Editorial Commentary: In 2016 Divergence Goes Beyond the United States 2-Party System: Interference Screw Divergence in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction of the Knee Revisited.

As a result of emerging technology and techniques developed for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, it is important to evaluate all aspects of the new procedures. One of these hot topics is retrograde drilling, which leads to inside-out ACL interference screw divergence from ACL sockets created from outside-in. In this paper, the authors look at screw divergence in the femoral tunnel for bone-patella-bone reconstructions performed with an outside-in retrograde drill.

The plastidial retrograde signal methyl erythritol cyclopyrophosphate is a regulator of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid crosstalk.

The exquisite harmony between hormones and their corresponding signaling pathways is central to prioritizing plant responses to simultaneous and/or successive environmental trepidations. The crosstalk between jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) is an established effective mechanism that optimizes and tailors plant adaptive responses. However, the underlying regulatory modules of this crosstalk are largely unknown.

Expressed sequence tag (EST) profiling in hyper saline shocked Dunaliella salina reveals high expression of protein synthetic apparatus components.

The unicellular, halotolerant, green alga, Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyceae) has the unique ability to adapt and grow in a wide range of salt conditions from about 0.05 to 5.5M.

Mechanical failure of the long gamma nail in two proximal femur fractures.

Mechanical failure of the long gamma nail was encountered in two elderly patients with proximal femur fractures over a 6-month period. One of the patients had a known history of lymphoma. The other patient had a history of rheumatoid arthritis but no history of cancer or other metabolic bone disease.

Ex vivo comparison of mechanical versus thermal chondroplasty: assessment of tissue effect at the surgical endpoint.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate tissue effect (tissue removal plus underlying cell death) of two chondroplasty techniques: mechanical debridement (MD) using a rotary shaver blade and thermal chondroplasty using radiofrequency energy (RFE).

Methods: Forty-eight human chondromalacic cartilage samples were treated with either MD or RFE. Pre- and post-treatment arthroscopic images of the cartilage surface were recorded.

Incidence of os acromiale in patients with shoulder pain.

A prospective case series was undertaken to determine the incidence of os acromiale in patients presenting to an orthopedic clinic with shoulder pain during a 6-month period. Ninety-three shoulders in 88 consecutive patients were evaluated by history, physical examination, and radiographs. Radiographs included anteroposterior, scapular Y, and axillary views in all patients.

Complications of the treatment of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint injuries, including instability.

Treatment of AC joint injuries and SC joint injuries continues to evolve. The risk of complications of both the operative and nonoperative management of these injuries can be minimized by the treating physician if the physician thoroughly evaluates and understands the problem. Making an accurate diagnosis of the underlying pathology and then selecting the appropriate treatment for this will minimize the risk of an associated complication.

Two-year follow-up of meniscal repair using a bioabsorbable arrow.

Purpose: The value of meniscal repair is well established. Several all-inside arthroscopic techniques have become available to achieve this goal. One such technique involves the use of a biodegradable polylactic acid tack, which has made repair technically easier to perform.