Determination of test performance of two contemporary screening tests for Lynch syndrome in endometrial cancer: A clinical trial.

Background/purpose: Published data on the performance of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) test for mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression to detect Lynch syndrome (LS) index cases suggests it is highly variable; its performance in our system was unknown. Moreover, a brief family history questionnaire (bFHQ) developed by Eiriksson and colleagues in Canada demonstrated 100% sensitivity for LS case identification thus was of interest to us, but its performance outside of its original setting was unknown. Determination of the performance of these tests requires complete LS case identification in the testing population.

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma of the Vulva Confirmed by EWSR1 FISH: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the vulva is a very rare tumor, with less than 10 cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 45-yr-old woman with extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the vulva confirmed by EWSR1 fluorescence in situ hybridization. Given the unusual site and prominent myxoid morphology, a broad differential diagnosis and a variety of ancillary testing was required.

FFPEcap-seq: a method for sequencing capped RNAs in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples.

The majority of clinical cancer specimens are preserved as formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. For clinical molecular tests to have wide-reaching impact, they must be applicable to FFPE material. Accurate quantitative measurements of RNA derived from FFPE specimens is challenging because of low yields and high amounts of degradation.

Recurrent early stage endometrial cancer: Patterns of recurrence and results of salvage therapy.

Objective: To analyze our institutional experience and oncologic outcomes for salvage treatment for the recurrence of early-stage endometrial cancer patients.

Methods: We included women of all ages diagnosed with FIGO stage I-II, any grade endometrial cancer from 2000 to 2016 at our institutions who were treated with at least a hysterectomy. Recurrences in the pelvis and/or vagina were considered locoregional recurrences (LRR).

Do vaginal recurrence rates differ among adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy regimens in early-stage endometrial cancer?

Purpose: We sought to retrospectively examine clinical outcomes for three adjuvant vaginal high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy regimens after hysterectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer.

Methods: Included were women of all ages from two independent hospital systems diagnosed with Stage I-II endometrial cancer of any grade between 2000 and 2016 who underwent hysterectomy followed by adjuvant vaginal cylinder HDR brachytherapy with either 7.0 Gy × 3 fractions prescribed to 0.

Hyperglycosylated hCG and Placenta Accreta Spectrum.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-H) and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Study Design: This was a case-control study of PAS and controls. hCG-H was measured in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in women with pathologically confirmed cases of PAS and in gestational age-matched controls without PAS.

Imiquimod Induces Apoptosis in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells In vitro and Prevents Tumor Progression In vivo.

Purpose: The increasing incidence of endometrial cancer (EC), in younger age at diagnosis, calls for new tissue-sparing treatment options. This work aims to evaluate the potential of imiquimod (IQ) in the treatment of low-grade EC.

Methods: Effects of IQ on the viabilities of Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells were evaluated using MTT assay.

Adjuvant radiation therapy is associated with improved pelvic control and overall survival in FIGO IB endometrial carcinoma with high grade histology.

Objective: High grade histologies of endometrial carcinomas portend a worse prognosis. Previous randomized, prospective studies examining the role of radiation have excluded endometrial cancer patients with FIGO IB with high risk histologies (clear cell, papillary serous, and Grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma).

Methods: We retrospectively identified 51 patients who underwent a hysterectomy for a FIGO IB endometrial carcinoma with clear cell, papillary serous or Grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma histology.

Survival analysis of endometrial cancer patients with cervical stromal involvement.

Objective: Stage II endometrial cancer is relatively uncommon. There is no consensus for appropriate adjuvant therapy in endometrial cancer patients with cervical stromal involvement (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] stage II). This study investigates how adjuvant treatments and tumor characteristics influence overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in stage II patients in order to establish better treatment guidelines.

Adjuvant radiation in early stage, unfavorable histology endometrial carcinoma is associated with improved local control and survival.

Objective: Unfavorable histology endometrial carcinomas confer worse prognosis. We determined the association of adjuvant radiation on local recurrence and survival for unfavorable, early stage endometrial cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 125 patients who had a hysterectomy for early stage (FIGO IA), unfavorable histology (clear cell, papillary serous or grade 3 endometrioid), endometrial carcinoma treated between 1992 and 2011.

Mucoadhesive hybrid gel improves intraperitoneal platinum delivery.

A leading cause of death and suffering in patients with abdominal or pelvic malignancies is progression of peritoneal surface disease. Changes in the use of chemotherapy have shown significant survival benefits for intraperitoneal or combined intraperitoneal and intravenous treatment following optimal surgical cytoreduction. However, broader clinical use of intraperitoneal therapy has not reached its full potential due to limited efficacy, accessibility and nonspecific toxicity.

Survival Analysis of Cancer Patients With FIGO Stage IIIA Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: Endometrial cancer patients with positive serosa and/or adnexae (FIGO stage IIIA) have a variable prognosis and are at a significant risk for recurrence. We investigated how tumor characteristics and adjuvant treatments influence the overall survival (OS) and recurrence patterns in these patients and patients with positive cytology alone (previously classified as stage IIIA before 2009).

Materials And Methods: This multi-institution retrospective study reviewed 55 patients with positive serosa and/or adnexae and 18 patients with positive cytology only, surgically staged from 1990 to 2010.

Survival analysis of endometrial cancer patients with positive lymph nodes.

Objective: Patients with endometrial cancer with positive lymph nodes (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC) have a substantially worse prognosis. This study investigates how tumor characteristics and adjuvant treatments influence overall survival (OS) in stage IIIC patients.

Methods: This multi-institution, institutional review board-approved study is a retrospective review of 116 patients with surgically staged endometrial cancer with positive lymph nodes treated from 1995 to 2008.

Characterization and evaluation of pre-clinical suitability of a syngeneic orthotopic mouse ovarian cancer model.

Background/aim: To develop and characterize the pre-clinical suitability of a syngeneic mouse epithelial ovarian cancer model in immunocompetent hosts.

Materials And Methods: ID8 mouse ovarian surface epithelium cells were implanted into the left ovarian bursa of C57BL/6 mice. Using conventional as well as ultrasound-based techniques and histopathological analysis, the tumor weights, volumes, metastases, ascites and vascularity were observed over a period of 16 weeks.

Endometrial cancer in a 14-year-old girl with Cowden syndrome: a case report.

The appearance of endometrial cancer in adolescence is uncommon and warrants investigation for an hereditary cancer syndrome. Cowden syndrome is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome associated with a germline PTEN mutation and increased risk of breast, thyroid, endometrial and colon cancer. In this report we present a case of a 14-year-old nulligravid female diagnosed with grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Familial clustering of endometrial cancer in a well-defined population.

Objective: Using a genealogical database, we examined risk of endometrial cancer among family members of individuals with endometrial cancer.

Methods: We identified endometrial cancer cases in the Utah Population Database (UPDB), a computerized archive of genealogy data linked to the Utah Cancer Registry. We tested for excess relatedness and estimated relative risks (RR) among first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of endometrial cancer cases and stratified analyses by tumor histology and body mass index (BMI).

Endometrial cancer--current state of the art therapies and unmet clinical needs: the role of surgery and preoperative radiographic assessment.

Endometrial carcinoma is the fourth most common cancer among women in the United States. Surgical pathologic staging has been the standard of care since 1988, which consists of analysis of collected peritoneal fluid, hysterectomy/oophorectomy, and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. In 2005, it was further recommended that essentially all women with endometrial cancer who choose to undergo surgery have pelvic and para-aortic lymph node analysis.

Adjuvant radiotherapy and survival outcomes in early-stage endometrial cancer: a multi-institutional analysis of 608 women.

Objective: The role of post-operative radiotherapy (RT) in women with early-stage, low to intermediate risk cancer of the uterine corpus remains controversial. The primary objective of this analysis was to evaluate the survival outcomes of women with early-stage endometrial cancer treated with surgery alone or surgery followed by RT.

Methods: Data from two institutions were collected from 1990 to 2003.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibition by LY294002 radiosensitizes human cervical cancer cell lines.

Purpose: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit is amplified in cervical cancers, implicating PI3K in cervical carcinogenesis. We evaluated the radiosensitizing effect of PI3K inhibition by LY294002 on clonogenic survival, growth characteristics, and gene expression in cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and CaSki).

Experimental Design: Cervical cancer cells were treated separately and concurrently with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (10 micromol/L) and radiation (2 Gy) with serial analysis of cell count, apoptosis, and flow cytometry.

Does oncologic specialization influence outcomes following surgery in early stage adenocarcinoma of the endometrium?

Objective: To evaluate treatment outcomes in women with early-stage endometrial cancer (FIGO IA, IB, IC, or IIA) surgically managed by a general gynecologist (GYN) or a gynecologic oncologist (GYO).

Methods And Results: 349 women treated from 1990-2003 were studied. Median follow-up was 3.

Detection of residual subclinical ovarian carcinoma after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: We sought to test the hypothesis that the presence of telomerase activity in peritoneal washings of patients treated for ovarian carcinoma is a sensitive and specific indicator of the presence of residual disease. We hypothesized that this test, if added to second-look procedure protocols, could help determine whether residual disease is present or not in patients who have completed their adjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma.

Experimental Design: Peritoneal washings were obtained from 100 consecutive patients undergoing a second-look procedure after treatment for ovarian carcinoma (cases) and from 100 patients undergoing surgery for benign gynecological conditions (controls).

Continuous abdominal fascial closure: a randomized controlled trial of poly(L-lactide/glycolide).

Objective: The objective was to compare the handling characteristics and View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Complications associated with optical-access laparoscopic trocars.

Objective: To investigate the number and type of serious complications associated with optical-access trocars reported by sources other than the medical literature.

Methods: Optical-access trocars, first introduced in 1994, were designed to decrease the risk of injury to intra-abdominal structures by allowing the surgeon to visualize abdominal wall layers during placement. To date, very few complications with their use have been reported in the medical literature.