Environmental associations of Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, the causative agent of ophidiomycosis in snakes.

Emerging pathogenic fungi have become a topic of conservation concern due to declines observed in several host taxa. One emerging fungal pathogen, Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, is well documented as the causative agent of ophidiomycosis, otherwise known as snake fungal disease (SFD). O.

Comparing the effectiveness of environmental DNA and camera traps for surveying American mink (Neogale vison) in northeastern Indiana.

While camera traps can effectively detect semi-aquatic mammal species, they are also often temporally and monetarily inefficient and have a difficult time detecting smaller bodied, elusive mammals. Recent studies have shown that extracting DNA from environmental samples can be a non-invasive, alternative method of detecting elusive species. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has not yet been used to survey American mink (Neogale vison), a cryptic and understudied North American mustelid.

SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long-term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application (https://www.snapshot-usa.

Gentrification drives patterns of alpha and beta diversity in cities.

While there is increasing recognition that social processes in cities like gentrification have ecological consequences, we lack nuanced understanding of the ways gentrification affects urban biodiversity. We analyzed a large camera trap dataset of mammals (>500 g) to evaluate how gentrification impacts species richness and community composition across 23 US cities. After controlling for the negative effect of impervious cover, gentrified parts of cities had the highest mammal species richness.

Mammal responses to global changes in human activity vary by trophic group and landscape.

Wildlife must adapt to human presence to survive in the Anthropocene, so it is critical to understand species responses to humans in different contexts. We used camera trapping as a lens to view mammal responses to changes in human activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Across 163 species sampled in 102 projects around the world, changes in the amount and timing of animal activity varied widely.

Transcriptomic data of imbibed wheat ( L.) seeds developed at different temperatures.

The present data profile a large scale transcriptome changes associated with variations in seed dormancy level induced by seed development temperature in hexaploid wheat. Seed dormancy is an important trait that inhibits seed germination under optimal conditions and therefore has important implication in preventing the incidence of preharvest sprouting, which refers to the germination of seeds on the mother plant prior to harvest, in wheat. Since preharvest sprouting, which causes a significant reduction in seed yield and quality in wheat, is closely associated with low level of seed dormancy manifested in modern wheat cultivars, it is important to develop wheat cultivars with optimal level of dormancy to enhance wheat yield and quality.

Urbanization, climate and species traits shape mammal communities from local to continental scales.

Human-driven environmental changes shape ecological communities from local to global scales. Within cities, landscape-scale patterns and processes and species characteristics generally drive local-scale wildlife diversity. However, cities differ in their structure, species pools, geographies and histories, calling into question the extent to which these drivers of wildlife diversity are predictive at continental scales.

Time and motion study of hepatitis C virus point-of-care testing in community pharmacies.

Background: Point-of-care (POC) testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is readily available for implementation in community pharmacies, but it is unknown how feasible administration of the tests would be in the current community pharmacy model.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to describe time associated with each step in a pharmacy HCV screening program and compare the results to influenza management in the pharmacy workflow.

Methods: For this time and motion study, the process was broken into 10 categories.

The Impact of Visiting Rotations on the Urology Residency Match: Insights and Perspectives From the 2021-2022 Applicants.

Objective: To survey 2022 Urology Residency Match applicants on their away rotation experiences to better understand the impact of pandemic changes, including the one in-person away rotation limit, on interviews and match outcomes.

Methods: An anonymous post-match online survey was distributed to applicants of study-participating institutions. Data was prospectively collected regarding respondent demographics, away rotation experiences, interviews, utilization of preference signaling, and overall match outcomes.

SNAPSHOT USA 2020: A second coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Managing wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort.

Genome-wide SNP identification in linking genetic characteristics to tolerance of .

Ash ( spp.) is one of the most widely distributed tree genera in North America. Populations of ash in the United States and Canada have been decimated by the introduced pest (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; emerald ash borer), having negative impacts on both forest ecosystems and economic interests.

SNAPSHOT USA 2019: a coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states during a 14-week period (17 August-24 November of 2019).

A shift in abscisic acid/gibberellin balance underlies retention of dormancy induced by seed development temperature.

Through a combination of physiological, pharmacological, molecular and targeted metabolomics approaches, we showed that retention of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed dormancy levels induced by low and high seed development temperatures during post-desiccation phases is associated with modulation of gibberellin (GA) level and seed responsiveness to abscisic acid (ABA) and GA via expression of TaABI5 and TaGAMYB, respectively. Dormancy retention during imbibition, however, is associated with modulations of both ABA level and responsiveness via expression of specific ABA metabolism (TaNCED2 and TaCYP707A1) and signalling (TaPYL2, TaSnRK2, TaABI3, TaABI4 and TaABI5) genes, and alterations of GA levels and responsiveness through expression of specific GA biosynthesis (TaGA20ox1, TaGA20ox2 and TaGA3ox2) and signalling (TaGID1 and TaGID2) genes, respectively.

Identification of loci for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in the highly dormant spring wheat RL4137.

Combination of RL4137 alleles at three QTLs on chromosomes 4A, 6B and 6D, and 'Roblin' allele at a novel QTL on chromosome 1D increases pre-harvest sprouting resistance in 'Roblin'/RL4137 doubled haploid population. Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) significantly reduces wheat grain yield and quality. Therefore, identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) for PHS resistance is key to facilitate marker-assisted breeding.

Large-scale connectivity, cryptic population structure, and relatedness in Eastern Pacific Olive ridley sea turtles ().

Endangered species are grouped into genetically discrete populations to direct conservation efforts. Mitochondrial control region (mtCR) haplotypes are used to elucidate deep divergences between populations, as compared to nuclear microsatellites that can detect recent structuring. When prior populations are unknown, it is useful to subject microsatellite data to clustering and/or ordination population inference.

Exploration of Environmental DNA (eDNA) to Detect Kirtland's Snake ().

Environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys utilize DNA shed by organisms into their environment in order to detect their presence. This technique has proven effective in many systems for detecting rare or cryptic species that require high survey effort. One potential candidate for eDNA surveying is Kirtland's Snake (), a small natricine endemic to the midwestern USA and threatened throughout its range.

Transitioning a Practice to Robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty Is Correlated with Favorable Short-Term Clinical Outcomes-A Single Surgeon Experience.

Background:  This study sought to evaluate the patient experience and short-term clinical outcomes associated with the hospital stay of patients who underwent robotic arm-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA). These results were compared with a cohort of patients who underwent TKA without robotic assistance performed by the same surgeon prior to the introduction of this technology.

Materials And Methods:  A cohort of consecutive patients undergoing primary TKA for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis by a single fellowship trained orthopaedic surgeon over a 39-month period was identified.

Tibial Intraosseous Administration of Epinephrine Is Effective in Restoring Return of Spontaneous Circulation in a Pediatric Normovolemic But Not Hypovolemic Cardiac Arrest Model.

Objective: We compared the efficacy of tibial intraosseous (TIO) administration of epinephrine in a pediatric normovolemic versus hypovolemic cardiac arrest model to determine the incidence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and plasma epinephrine concentrations over time.

Methods: This experimental study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of epinephrine and/or incidence of ROSC after TIO administration in either a normovolemic or hypovolemic pediatric swine model.

Results: All subjects in the TIO normovolemia cardiac arrest group experienced ROSC after TIO administration of epinephrine.

Transcriptomic data during seed maturation in dormant and non-dormant genotypes of wheat ( L.).

The present data profiles a large scale transcriptome changes in seed tissues (embryo and endosperm) during maturation in dormant and non-dormant genotypes of hexaploid wheat. Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that has a significant influence on the incidence of preharvest sprouting, which is referred to as the germination of grains on the spike prior to harvest, in wheat. Given that preharvest sprouting causes a substantial yield and quality losses, elucidation of the molecular features that regulate seed dormancy has a paramount significance in the development of preharvest sprouting resistant wheat cultivars.

Systemic and tumor-directed therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer: study protocol for a phase II trial for veterans with de novo oligometastatic disease.

Background: The treatment paradigm for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients is evolving. PET/CT now offers improved sensitivity and accuracy in staging. Recent randomized trial data supports escalated hormone therapy, local primary tumor therapy, and metastasis-directed therapy.

Effectiveness of non-opioid pharmacological adjuncts for adult surgical patients: an umbrella review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of non-opioid pharmacological adjuncts for decreasing perioperative morphine equivalents and acute postoperative pain scores in adult surgical patients.

Introduction: Opioids are commonly administered during anesthesia to dull the senses, relieve pain and induce sleep. However, there are significant adverse effects associated with intraoperative opioid use.

Evaluation of Urology Residency Training and Perceived Resident Abilities in the United States.

Objective: To identify differences and potential deficiencies in urology residency training programs in the United States as they are perceived by residents/recent graduates and program directors.

Materials And Methods: A 45-question and 38-question survey was sent to chief residents/recent graduates and program directors, respectively, at all 120 US urology programs regarding prior medical education, urologic training curricula, and perceived surgical proficiency, among other topics.

Results: Survey response rate was 58% and 52% for residents and program directors, respectively.

Microarray dataset of after-ripening induced mRNA oxidation in wheat seeds.

The dataset presented here profiles oxidative modification of mRNAs in wheat seeds in response to after-ripening, a treatment that releases seeds from the state of dormancy. The level of dormancy in wheat seeds is closely associated with preharvest sprouting, defined as the germination of seeds while they are on the mother plant, which negatively affects wheat yield and quality. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of seed dormancy is critical for improving the tolerance of wheat seeds to preharvest sprouting.