A personalized approach for predicting the effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure using a Fuzzy Inference System.

Regular aerobic exercise is a recommended treatment for elevated blood pressure (BP). However, making permanent lifestyle changes is not easy. Having personally relevant information about the treatment, about its effects and importance, is a precondition for motivation.

Spectral entropy as a measure of hypnosis and hypnotic drug effect of total intravenous anesthesia in children during slow induction and maintenance.

Background: We evaluated whether spectral entropy (SpE) can measure the depth of hypnosis and the hypnotic drug effect in children during total intravenous anesthesia.

Methods: Sixty healthy children, aged 3-16 yr, were studied. Anesthesia was induced with an increasing target controlled infusion of propofol, and maintained by a stable remifentanil infusion and variable concentrations of target controlled infusion propofol.

Increased variation of the response index of nociception during noxious stimulation in patients during general anaesthesia.

Objective: Analgesia is an important part of general anaesthesia, but no direct indicators of nociceptive-anti-nociceptive balance have been validated in detail. The Response Index of Nociception (RN) is a multiparameter approach which combines photoplethysmographic waveform (PPG), State Entropy (SE), Response Entropy (RE), and heart rate variability (HRV). We aimed at evaluating RN during general anaesthesia; especially we wanted to compare pre- and post-index values of certain noxious stimuli to the average index values.

Quantification of epileptiform electroencephalographic activity during sevoflurane mask induction.

Background: Sevoflurane may induce epileptiform electroencephalographic activity leading to unstable Bispectral Index numbers, underestimating the hypnotic depth of anesthesia. The authors developed a method for the quantification of epileptiform electroencephalographic activity during sevoflurane anesthesia.

Methods: Electroencephalographic data from 60 patients under sevoflurane mask induction were used in the analysis.

Spectral entropy as a measure of hypnosis in children.

Background: The Datex-Ohmeda S/5 Entropy Module (Datex-Ohmeda Division, Instrumentarium Corp., Helsinki, Finland), using time-frequency balanced Spectral Entropy, is a novel tool for monitoring the hypnotic state during anesthesia. The Entropy Module produces two values, State Entropy (SE) and Response Entropy (RE), and in adults, it has been shown to measure reliably the hypnotic effects of various drugs.