Extreme electron-hole drag and negative mobility in the Dirac plasma of graphene.

Coulomb drag between adjacent electron and hole gases has attracted considerable attention, being studied in various two-dimensional systems, including semiconductor and graphene heterostructures. Here we report measurements of electron-hole drag in the Planckian plasma that develops in monolayer graphene in the vicinity of its Dirac point above liquid-nitrogen temperatures. The frequent electron-hole scattering forces minority carriers to move against the applied electric field due to the drag induced by majority carriers.

Epitaxy of GaSe Coupled to Graphene: From In Situ Band Engineering to Photon Sensing.

2D semiconductors can drive advances in quantum science and technologies. However, they should be free of any contamination; also, the crystallographic ordering and coupling of adjacent layers and their electronic properties should be well-controlled, tunable, and scalable. Here, these challenges are addressed by a new approach, which combines molecular beam epitaxy and in situ band engineering in ultra-high vacuum of semiconducting gallium selenide (GaSe) on graphene.

Graphene FETs with high and low mobilities have universal temperature-dependent properties.

We use phenomenological modelling and detailed experimental studies of charge carrier transport to investigate the dependence of the electrical resistivity,, on gate voltage,, for a series of monolayer graphene field effect transistors with mobilities,, ranging between 5000 and 250 000 cmVsat low-temperature. Our measurements over a wide range of temperatures from 4 to 400 K can be fitted by the universal relationμ=4/eδnmaxfor all devices, whereρmaxis the resistivity maximum at the neutrality point andis an 'uncertainty' in the bipolar carrier density, given by the full width at half maximum of the resistivity peak expressed in terms of carrier density,. This relation is consistent with thermal broadening of the carrier distribution and the presence of the disordered potential landscape consisting of so-called electron-hole puddles near the Dirac point.

Active travel to work in New South Wales 2005-2010, individual characteristics and association with body mass index.

Objective: This study describes the prevalence of walking and cycling to work in New South Wales (NSW) from 2005-2010. It examines the demographic characteristics of those people walking and cycling to work and the association of walking and cycling with body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Data from the NSW Continuous Health Survey, a telephone survey of health indicators among a representative sample of residents aged 16 years or over, were used.

Role of general practice in the utilisation of the NSW Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service.

A lifestyle-modification telephone-based service is delivered in New South Wales (NSW; the Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service (GHS)) as an important obesity-prevention, population-wide program. The present study examined referrals from general practitioners (GP) versus self-referral to the GHS in terms of risk profile and effectiveness of outcomes. The study used a pre-post test design to assess changes in outcomes within the setting of a telephone-based lifestyle-support service available to NSW adults (18+ years) who self-referred or were referred by their health practitioner and/or GP, and registered for the GHS between February 2009 and August 2013 (n = 22 183).

Depressive symptomatology as a risk factor for falls in older people: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate studies that have addressed depressive symptoms as a risk factor for falls in older people.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Setting: Community and residential care.

Effectiveness of Australia's Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service: maintenance of self-reported anthropometric and behavioural changes after program completion.

Background: The Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service (GHS) is a population-wide telephone-based program aimed at assisting adults to implement lifestyle improvements. It is a relatively uncommon example of the translation of efficacious trials to up-scaled real-world application. GHS participants who completed the 6-month coaching program made significant initial improvements to their weight, waist circumference, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity and nutrition behaviours.

Increased concern is protective for falls in Chinese older people: the chopstix fall risk study.

Background: Chinese older people have approximately half the risk of falling as their white counterparts, but no studies to date have explained why such a disparity exists.

Methods: A total of 692 Chinese and 764 white community-dwelling older people participated in a multicohort study conducted in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Australia. Baseline measurements included sociodemographic, psychological, and physical measures; concern about falling (Falls Efficacy Scale-International scores); and physical activity levels.

Physical activity associated with public transport use--a review and modelling of potential benefits.

Active travel, particularly walking and cycling, has been recommended because of the health benefits associated with increased physical activity. Use of public transport generally involves some walking to bus stops or train stations. This paper is a systematic review of how much time is spent in physical activity among adults using public transport.