Operant over-responding is more sensitive than reversal learning for revealing behavioral changes after withdrawal from alcohol consumption.

In humans, prior alcohol use is linked with impulsivity and impaired decision-making, but the nature of this relationship is unclear. In a previous study in rats, we found that prior alcohol access led to over-responding in go/no-go discrimination training, but had no effect on discrimination learning. It was unclear whether this over-responding effect would occur in a reversal learning task, or whether prior alcohol would impair reversal learning in our task.

Relationship of low doses of alcohol voluntarily consumed during adolescence and early adulthood with subsequent behavioral flexibility.

Previous alcohol use is associated with impaired decision-making and impulsivity in humans, but the relationship between alcohol use and decision-making/impulsivity is unclear. In two experiments, we determined whether chronic intermittent access to alcohol during adolescence and early adulthood would alter or be correlated with performance in a go/no-go reversal task, a devaluation task, or operant extinction. Rats received 6 weeks of chronic intermittent access to 20% alcohol or water from postnatal day 26 to 66 and then behavioral testing was initiated 1.

Prior alcohol consumption does not impair go/no-go discrimination learning, but causes over-responding on go trials, in rats.

Prior alcohol use is associated with impaired response inhibition in humans, including in laboratory go/no-go discrimination tasks. In two experiments, we determined whether chronic intermittent access to alcohol would alter go/no-go discrimination learning. Rats received 4-6 weeks of chronic intermittent access to 20% alcohol (alone or accompanied by saline or 1.

Towards a mastery understanding of critical reading in biology: the use of highlighting by students to assess their value judgment of the importance of primary literature.

An analysis of critical reading styles of freshmen and senior biology students was compared to that of biology faculty members through the use of highlighting a primary research article. Sentence-by-sentence comparisons were made within each group and the data were analyzed; the composite picture from each group was then compared to the other groups. There appears to be a close agreement of what is deemed important content as judged by faculty but less agreement by seniors and even less agreement by freshmen regarding the value of each line of the text.

The dnrM gene in Streptomyces peucetius contains a naturally occurring frameshift mutation that is suppressed by another locus outside of the daunorubicin-production gene cluster.

A 2 center dot 7 kb BamHI fragment of the daunorubicin biosynthetic cluster in Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 29050 was shown to contain two ORFs, dnrL and dnrM, whose deduced products exhibit a high sequence similarity to a number of glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyl transferases and TDP-D-glucose dehydratases, respectively. Although these genes were believed to be necessary for the synthesis of the deoxyaminosugar, daunosamine, a constituent of daunorubicin, the dnrM gene contains a frameshift in the DNA sequence that causes the premature termination of translation. A gene encoding another TDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase, previously isolated from S.