Does lower extremity alignment during normal stance predict lower limb kinematics and kinetics during drop landings?

Background: Static lower extremity alignment (LEA) during normal stance has been used clinically as a tool to determine the presence of known anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) risk factors during dynamic tasks. Previous work investigating the relationship between static LEA during normal stance and risk factors for ACL injury is limited by the use of imprecise methods or because it focuses on knee valgus only and no other potentially important variables. The aim of this investigation was to determine the relationships between static LEA and the corresponding LEA during drop landings.

Long-term Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Reconstruction vs No Reconstruction-A Comparison of 2 Case Series.

Background: Reconstruction is considered to provide the best opportunity for return to sports (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. However, recent studies report that <50% of athletes return to preinjury sporting levels and that RTS rates at 1 year after injury are the same for athletes undergoing reconstruction and nonoperative management. Long-term studies are essential to confirm these findings and guide decisions regarding surgery.

The effect of increasing heel height on lower limb symmetry during the back squat in trained and novice lifters.

Background: Symmetry during lifting is considered critical for allowing balanced power production and avoidance of injury. This investigation assessed the influence of elevating the heels on bilateral lower limb symmetry during loaded (50% of body weight) high-bar back squats.

Methods: Ten novice (mass 67.

The effect of elevating the heels on spinal kinematics and kinetics during the back squat in trained and novice weight trainers.

This research assessed the influence of various heel elevation conditions on spinal kinematic and kinetic data during loaded (25% and 50% of body weight) high-bar back squats. Ten novice (mass 67.6 ± 12.

The effect of backpack load position on photographic measures of craniovertebral posture in 150 asymptomatic young adults.

Background: Altering the horizontal position of the weight in a backpack will influence the magnitude of the external torque it creates but the effect on posture is unclear.

Objective: To use photogrammetry to determine if changes in the horizontal position of a fixed backpack weight affect external measures of craniovertebral posture in 150 asymptomatic young adults.

Methods: A backpack was attached to a steel frame with a bar protruding posteriorly.

Author Correction: Prominent exostosis projecting from the occipital squama more substantial and prevalent in young adult than older age groups.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Do the landing mechanics of experienced netball players differ from those of trained athletes competing in sports that do not require frequent landings?

Objectives: This study examined whether young (15-19 years old) high-performance netball players exhibit different landing mechanics compared to female controls who do not participate in sports requiring frequent landings.

Design: Comparative, cross-sectional.

Methods: Lower limb kinematics and kinetics from 23 youth high performance female netball players (age: 17.

The influence of bowling velocity on movement variability in experienced older aged lawn bowlers.

Objectives: This project examined the movement strategies adopted by highly experienced older aged lawn bowlers when performing Draw and Drive deliveries.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Twenty five experienced (10.

Exploring the Justifications for Selecting a Drop Landing Task to Assess Injury Biomechanics: A Narrative Review and Analysis of Landings Performed by Female Netball Players.

When assessing biomechanics in a laboratory setting, task selection is critical to the production of accurate and meaningful data. The injury biomechanics of landing is commonly investigated in a laboratory setting using a drop landing task. However, why this task is so frequently chosen is unclear.

The effect of cervical spine subtypes on center of pressure parameters in a large asymptomatic young adult population.

Background: Recent research highlighted that non-lordotic subtypes are common within an asymptomatic population of young adults. The potential mechanisms responsible for the decreased postural control witnessed in healthy participants exhibiting non-lordotic cervical alignment are unclear.

Research Question: Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare and contrast asymptomatic radiographically derived sagittal cervical alignment subtypes with Center of Pressure (CoP) parameters.

Effects of Water Immersion on Squat and Split Squat Kinematics in Older Adults.

This study examined the effect of water immersion on trunk and lower limb kinematics during squat exercises in older participants. A total of 24 active older adults (71.4 ± 5.

Changes in the Sagittal Cranio-Cervical Posture Following a 12-Week Intervention Using a Simple Spinal Traction Device.

Study Design: Non-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a simple home spinal traction device on sagittal cranio-cervical posture and related symptoms.

Summary Of Background Data: Forward head protraction (FHP) and cranio-cervical malalignment were shown to be consequential in the development adverse musculoskeletal radiographic findings and symptoms in that region.

The impact of test loads on the accuracy of 1RM prediction using the load-velocity relationship.

Background: Numerous methods have been proposed that use submaximal loads to predict one repetition maximum (1RM). One common method applies standard linear regression equations to load and average vertical lifting velocity (V) data developed during squat jumps or three bench press throw (BP-T). The main aim of this project was to determine which combination of three submaximal loads during BP-T result in the most accurate prediction of 1RM Smith Machine bench press strength in healthy individuals.

Prominent exostosis projecting from the occipital squama more substantial and prevalent in young adult than older age groups.

Recently we reported the development of prominent exostosis young adults' skulls (41%; 10-31 mm) emanating from the external occipital protuberance (EOP). These findings contrast existing reports that large enthesophytes are not seen in young adults. Here we show that a combination sex, the degree of forward head protraction (FHP) and age predicted the presence of enlarged EOP (EEOP) (n = 1200, age 18-86).

Large enthesophytes in teenage skulls: Mechanical, inflammatory and genetic considerations.

Background: The literature implies that large enthesophytes are exclusive to genetically predisposed individuals and to Spondyloarthropathies sufferers. Accordingly, the aim of this investigation and report was to assess the involvement of genetic predisposition, inflammatory and/or mechanical influences in the development of large enthesophytes in a sample population of teenagers presenting with large enthesophytes emanating from the external occipital protuberance.

Methods: Analysis was based on four teenage males (13-16 year-old) possessing 14.

Limb symmetry during double-leg squats and single-leg squats on land and in water in adults with long-standing unilateral anterior knee pain; a cross sectional study.

Background: The presence of pain during movement typically results in changes in technique. However, the physical properties of water, such as flotation, means that water-based exercise may not only reduce compensatory movement patterns but also allow pain sufferers to complete exercises that they are unable to perform on land. The purpose of this study was to assess bilateral kinematics during double-leg squats and single-leg squats on land and in water in individuals with unilateral anterior knee pain.

Correction to: Current Methodologies and Implications of Phase Identification of the Vertical Jump: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Pages 1313-5, table 1, column 1: The cell entries in the 'Reference' column, which previously read.

The efficacy of sagittal cervical spine subtyping: Investigating radiological classification methods within 150 asymptomatic participants.

Aims: The aim of this study is to (1) compare and contrast cervical subtype classification methods within an asymptomatic population, and (2) identify inter-methodological consistencies and describe examples of inconsistencies that have the potential to affect subtype classification and clinical decision-making.

Methods: A total of 150 asymptomatic 18-30-year-old participants met the strict inclusion criteria. An erect neutral lateral radiograph was obtained using standard procedures.

A biomechanical analysis of the roundhouse kicking technique of expert practitioners: A comparison between the martial arts disciplines of Muay Thai, Karate, and Taekwondo.

The purpose of this study was first, to determine whether there were differences in the roundhouse kicking leg kinematics performed by highly skilled Muay Thai, Karate and Taekwondo practitioners (n = 8 per group). Next, analysis aimed to identify the kinematic determinants of effective roundhouse kicking performance. Three-dimensional (3D) lower limb kinematics were recorded using a nine camera infra-red motion capture system (500 Hz) during three maximal roundhouse kicks.

Quantifying kinematic differences between land and water during squats, split squats, and single-leg squats in a healthy population.

Aquatic exercises can be used in clinical and sporting disciplines for both rehabilitation and sports training. However, there is limited knowledge on the influence of water immersion on the kinematics of exercises commonly used in rehabilitation and fitness programs. The aim of this study was to use inertial sensors to quantify differences in kinematics and movement variability of bodyweight squats, split squats, and single-leg squats performed on dry land and whilst immersed to the level of the greater trochanter.

Reliability of a New Medicine Ball Throw Power Test.

The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of a new upper body medicine ball push-press (MBP-P) test. Twenty-three strength trained volunteers performed a series of supine MBP-P throws using loads representing 5% and10% of their 5RM bench press (5 repetitions at each load). Throws were performed on a force platform (2000 Hz), with medicine ball kinematic data collected using a high-speed motion capture (500 Hz).

Influence of football size on kicking performance in youth Australian rules footballers.

In Australian rules football structured increases in ball size during development end with the transition to the Size 5 (adult) ball at the Under-15 age group. This study assessed changes in kick technique and performance in experienced junior performers when using Size 4 and 5 Australian rules footballs. Participants (n = 22, 13.

A morphological adaptation? The prevalence of enlarged external occipital protuberance in young adults.

Enthesophytes are bony projections that arise from the sites of ligament, tendon or joint capsule attachment to a bone. They are seen rarely in radiographic findings in young adults, as these bony adaptations are assumed to develop slowly over time. However, in recent years, the presence of an enlarged external occipital protuberance (EEOP) has been observed frequently in radiographs of relatively young patients at the clinic of the lead author.

Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite women's netball: a systematic video analysis.

This study involved a systematic video analysis of 16 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries sustained by elite-level netball players during televised games in order to describe the game situation, the movement patterns involved, the player's behaviour, and a potential injury mechanism. Eight of the ACL injuries were classified as "indirect contact" and eight as "non-contact". Two common scenarios were identified.

Current Methodologies and Implications of Phase Identification of the Vertical Jump: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The vertical jump (VJ) is considered a key indicator of lower limb explosive strength. Previous research has established that rate of force development and time to peak force are linked closely to athletic ability and hence the ability to extract these accurately is of significance.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) review the literature to ascertain what methods are currently used to extract jump phases from the force platform data and (2) compare identified methods on neutral data.