Cephalometric evaluation of deep overbite correction using anterior bite turbos.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of treating deep overbite (OB) using anterior bite elevators concurrently with a pre-adjusted edgewise appliance.

Materials And Methods: The Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) cephalometric analysis was used to isolate tipping movement of upper (TUI) and lower incisors (TLI), bodily tooth movement of upper (BUI), and lower incisors (BLI), as well as vertical skeletal changes in the anterior region of the maxilla (MXSK) and mandible (MNSK). Thirty treated subjects were examined at pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) and compared to an untreated control group matched on age, sex, and Angle malocclusion from the Bolton Brush Growth Study Collection (CWRU, Cleveland, Ohio).

Sleep disordered breathing in children seeking orthodontic care.

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of high-risk factors for sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in an orthodontic population of children. SDB is a spectrum of breathing disorders ranging from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea.

Methods: The sample included 303 healthy children between the ages of 9 and 17.

Radiocarbon chronology of Manot Cave, Israel and Upper Paleolithic dispersals.

The timing of archeological industries in the Levant is central for understanding the spread of modern humans with Upper Paleolithic traditions. We report a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology for Early Upper Paleolithic industries (Early Ahmarian and Levantine Aurignacian) from the newly excavated site of Manot Cave, Israel. The dates confirm that the Early Ahmarian industry was present by 46,000 calibrated years before the present (cal BP), and the Levantine Aurignacian occurred at least between 38,000 and 34,000 cal BP.

Effects of Case Western Reserve University's transverse analysis on the quality of orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using the transverse analysis developed at Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio. The hypotheses were based on the following: (1) Does following CWRU's transverse analysis improve the orthodontic results? (2) Does following CWRU's transverse analysis minimize the active treatment duration?

Methods: A retrospective cohort research study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of 100 subjects. The sample had CWRU's analysis performed retrospectively, and the sample was divided according to whether the subjects followed what CWRU's transverse analysis would have suggested.

Gingival crevicular fluid bone turnover biomarkers: How postmenopausal women respond to orthodontic activation.

Introduction: Bone turnover associated with orthodontic tooth movement is evidenced by increased bone turnover markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Postmenopausal women have an increased concentration of serum bone turnover markers. The filtrate of this serum makes up GCF, but little is known of the bone turnover around teeth in this cohort.

When static meets dynamic: Comparing cone-beam computed tomography and acoustic reflection for upper airway analysis.

Introduction: Upper airway measurement can be important for the diagnosis of breathing disorders. Acoustic reflection (AR) is an accepted tool for studying the airway. Our objective was to investigate the differences between cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and AR in calculating airway volumes and areas.

History of imaging in orthodontics from Broadbent to cone-beam computed tomography.

The history of imaging and orthodontics is a story of technology informing biology. Advances in imaging changed our thinking as our understanding of craniofacial growth and the impact of orthodontic treatment deepened. This article traces the history of imaging in orthodontics from the invention of the cephalometer by B.

Levantine cranium from Manot Cave (Israel) foreshadows the first European modern humans.

A key event in human evolution is the expansion of modern humans of African origin across Eurasia between 60 and 40 thousand years (kyr) before present (bp), replacing all other forms of hominins. Owing to the scarcity of human fossils from this period, these ancestors of all present-day non-African modern populations remain largely enigmatic. Here we describe a partial calvaria, recently discovered at Manot Cave (Western Galilee, Israel) and dated to 54.

An interview with Mark G. Hans.

It is a great honor to conduct an interview with Professor Mark G. Hans, after following his outstanding work ahead of the Bolton-Brush Growth Study Center and the Department of Orthodontics at the prestigious Case Western Reserve School of Dental Medicine (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio. Born in Berea, Ohio, Professor Mark Hans attended Yale University in New Haven, CT, and earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry.

Use of intraoral miniplates to control postoperative occlusion after high condylectomy for the treatment of condylar hyperplasia.

Mandibular condylar hyperplasia is a rare disorder, characterized by unilateral mandibular overgrowth with overeruption of the dentition on the affected side. Although the etiology is unclear, multiple surgical techniques have been described to correct the associated mandibular bone, occlusal, and soft tissue deformities. Often a condylectomy, to arrest mandibular growth, is combined with various orthognathic procedures to restore occlusion and facial harmony.

Retainer wear and compliance in the first 2 years after active orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: The purpose of this descriptive study was to estimate retainer wear and compliance among orthodontic patients in the first 2 years after active orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A random sample of 1200 orthodontic patients was selected from 4 offices. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire that consisted of 6 items: type of retainer prescribed, age, sex, length of time since debond, and hours per day and nights per week that patients wore their retainers.

Effects of extraction versus non-extraction treatment on oropharyngeal airway volume.

Objective: To compare the effects of extraction vs nonextraction orthodontic treatments on oropharyngeal airway volume.

Materials And Methods: An existing patient database was screened for pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and complete medical histories. Twenty patients treated with removal of four premolars (ExtG) and 20 controls (NExtG), were matched for age, gender, ethnicity, height, weight, body mass index, and oropharyngeal (OP) volumes, among other variables.

Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for measuring alveolar bone height and detecting bony dehiscences and fenestrations.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the diagnosis of naturally occurring fenestrations and bony dehiscences. In addition, we evaluated the accuracy and reliability of CBCT for measuring alveolar bone margins.

Methods: Thirteen dry human skulls with 334 teeth were scanned with CBCT technology.

Pretreatment characteristics associated with orthodontic treatment duration.

Introduction: Pretreatment characteristics can assist orthodontists in accurately estimating treatment duration.

Methods: This case-control study identified 400 patients, 9 to 18 years of age. Short treatment duration was 20 months or less, and long treatment duration was 30 months or longer.

Dental practice network of U.S. dental schools.

As dental schools incorporate training in evidence-based dentistry (EBD) into their curricula, students must learn how to critically evaluate systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It is important that dental education in the United States support the American Dental Association's position statement on EBD, which defines "best evidence" as data obtained from all study designs. Given that much evidence is missing when EBD is derived from Cochrane Systematic Reviews' randomized clinical trials, we propose the creation of a dental practice network of U.

Buccal cortical bone thickness for mini-implant placement.

Introduction: The thickness of cortical bone is an important factor in mini-implant stability. In this study, we investigated the buccal cortical bone thickness of every interdental area as an aid in planning mini-implant placement.

Methods: From the cone-beam computed tomography scans of 30 dry skulls, 2-dimensional slices through every interdental area were generated.

Reliability and accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography dental measurements.

Introduction: Dental measurements are an integral part of the orthodontic records necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. In this study, we investigated the reliability and accuracy of dental measurements made on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstructions.

Methods: Thirty human skulls were scanned with dental CBCT, and 3-dimensional reconstructions of the dentitions were generated.

Mia-assisted orthodontic treatment for dental malocclusion secondary to periodontal disease.

In contemporary dental care, an increasing number of adult patients with periodontal disease are seeking orthodontic treatment. Achieving optimal results in such adult patients is difficult because decreased posterior tooth anchorage is risky. This case report demonstrates the use of miniscrew implant anchorage (MIA) in a Chinese male 21 years 5 months of age with maxillary and mandibular anterior dental spacing, bimaxillary protrusion, and severe bone loss caused by periodontal disease.

Assessment of infrazygomatic bone depth for mini-screw insertion.

Objective: To investigate the bone depth at the infrazygomatic crest with regard to orthodontic mini-screw insertion.

Material And Methods: Twenty-nine adult human dry skulls were imaged using CBCT technology, slice data were generated and multiple measurements were undertaken at three sites associated with the infrazygomatic crest and five different measurement levels. The data were analyzed using intraclass correlation and repeated measures ANOVA.

Image distortion and spatial resolution of a commercially available cone-beam computed tomography machine.

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate images produced by a commercially available cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) machine (i-CAT model 9140-0035-000C, Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa) for measurement and spatial resolution (ie, the ability to separate 2 objects in close proximity in the image) for all settings and in all dimensions.

Methods: A custom phantom containing 0.3 mm diameter chromium metal markers approximately 5 mm apart in 3 planes of space was developed for analyzing distortion and measurement accuracy.

Influence of CBCT exposure conditions on radiation dose.

Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been changing the way dental practitioners use imaging. The radiation dose to the patient and how to effectively reduce the dose is still not completely clear to most users of this technology.

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantitate the change in radiation dose when using different CBCT settings.

Mini-implant anchorage for the orthodontic practitioner.

Mini-implant-enhanced anchorage has become a popular concept in orthodontics over the past years. Although these systems are routinely used in university settings, there is some reservation because of lack of information in private practices. This article will introduce the concept of mini-implant anchorage to the orthodontic practitioner.