Intravenous lipid emulsion in the emergency department: a systematic review of recent literature.

Background: Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been broadly attempted in the resuscitation of neurologic and cardiac toxic drug overdoses, however, the role of ILE in the emergency department is poorly defined.

Objective: This review aims to identify recent literature on the use of ILE in humans as an antidote and to familiarize emergency providers with the indications, availability, dosing recommendations, and adverse reactions associated with ILE use.

Methods: A systemic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and major toxicology conference abstracts was performed for human cases using ILE as an antidote with documented clinical outcomes through January 2014.

Myocarditis.

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that can cause devastating disease in otherwise healthy children. Inciting agents such as viral infection cause direct damage to the myocardial cells, which triggers an inflammatory response that enhances myocardial toxicity and associated morbidity. Severe cases typically present with respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse, whereas subclinical cases are unnoticed by the medical community.

Global uptake of the Humanitarian Accountability Partnership over its first ten years.

Introduction: Accountability in the delivery of humanitarian aid has become increasingly important and emphasized by the humanitarian community. The Humanitarian Accountability Partnership (HAP) was created in 2003 in order to improve accountability in the humanitarian sector. HAP acts as a self-regulatory body to the humanitarian system.

Characterizing the limited use of point-of-care ultrasound in Colombian emergency medicine residencies.

Background: Emergency medicine (EM) is a growing specialty in Colombia with five residency programs in the country. EM leadership is interested in incorporating point-of-care (POC) ultrasound into a standardized national EM residency curriculum. This study is a nationwide survey of Colombian EM residents designed to explore the current state of POC ultrasound use within EM residencies and examine specific barriers preventing its expansion.

mHealth in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Mobile phone penetration rates have reached 63% in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and are projected to pass 70% by 2013. In SSA, millions of people who never used traditional landlines now use mobile phones on a regular basis. Mobile health, or mHealth, is the utilization of short messaging service (SMS), wireless data transmission, voice calling, and smartphone applications to transmit health-related information or direct care.

Is there an association between radiologist turnaround time of emergency department abdominal CT studies and radiologic report quality?

The aim of this study was to assess for an association between radiologists' turnaround time (TAT) and report quality for emergency department (ED) abdominopelvic CT examinations. Reports of 60 consecutive ED abdominopelvic CT studies from five abdominal radiologists (300 total reports) were included. An ED radiologist, abdominal radiologist, and ED physician independently evaluated satisfaction with report content (1-10 scale), satisfaction with report clarity (1-10 scale), and extent to which the report advanced the patient on a previously published clinical spectrum scale (1-5 scale).

Global Emergency Medicine: a review of the literature from 2012.

Objectives: The Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts an annual search of peer-reviewed and grey literature relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most important new research in this field to a worldwide audience of academics and clinical practitioners.

Methods: This year, our search identified 4,818 articles written in six languages. These articles were distributed among 20 reviewers for initial screening based on their relevance to the field of global EM.

Review of recently approved alternatives to anticoagulation with warfarin for emergency clinicians.

Background: Dabigatran and rivaroxaban are novel anticoagulants that have been approved for the prevention of thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation. These medications are attractive to both patients and clinicians, as, unlike warfarin, they do not require laboratory monitoring or dietary restrictions. However, they carry bleeding risks similar to that of warfarin and are without a reliable reversal agent.

Recommendations for additional imaging on emergency department CT examinations: comparison of emergency- and organ-based subspecialty radiologists.

Purpose: Past studies have identified a high frequency of recommendations for additional imaging (RAI) for computed tomography (CT) studies performed in an emergency department (ED), thereby potentially contributing to increased imaging utilization and costs. The purpose of this study was to compare rates of RAI within the ED setting between ED-based and organ-based subspecialty radiologists.

Methods: We identified 600 ED CT studies, comprising 200 head, chest, and abdominal CT studies, split equally between cases reviewed by ED-based and organ-based radiologists.

Global emergency medicine: a review of the literature from 2011.

Objectives: The Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts an annual search of published and unpublished articles relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most important research in this field to a wide audience of academics and practitioners.

Methods: This year, 7,924 articles written in seven languages were identified by our search. These articles were divided up among 20 reviewers for initial screening based on their relevance to the field of global EM.

Identification of current priorities for research in humanitarian action: proceedings of the First Annual UN OCHA Policy and Research Conference.

On December 12-13, 2011, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) hosted a humanitarian policy and research conference on the theme of "Risk, Adaptation and Innovation in Humanitarian Action." The four sessions of the conference covered humanitarian action in a changing world, adaptation and innovation in humanitarian action, humanitarian action in protracted and violent conflict, and effective humanitarian action. This special report contains summaries of presentations in each session and the conclusions resulting from the discussions throughout.

International emergency medicine: a review of the literature from 2010.

The International Emergency Medicine (IEM) Literature Review aims to highlight and disseminate high-quality global EM research in the fields of EM development, disaster and humanitarian response, and emergency care in resource-limited settings. For this review, we conducted a Medline search for articles published between January 1 and December 31, 2010, using a set of international and EM search terms and a manual search of journals that have produced large numbers of IEM articles for past reviews. This search produced 6,936 articles, which were divided among 20 reviewers who screened them using established inclusion and exclusion criteria to select articles relevant to the field of IEM.

International emergency medicine: a review of the literature from 2009.

As the specialty of emergency medicine evolves in countries around the world, and as interest in international emergency medicine (IEM) grows within the United States, the IEM Literature Review Group recognizes an ongoing need for a high-quality, consolidated, and easily accessible evidence base of literature. The IEM Literature Review Group produces an annual publication that strives to provide readers with access to the highest quality and most relevant IEM research from the previous year. This publication represents our fifth annual review, covering the top 24 IEM research articles published in 2009.

International emergency medicine: a review of the literature from 2008.

As the specialty of emergency medicine (EM) continues to evolve in countries around the world, and as interest in international emergency medicine (IEM) continues to grow within the United States, the IEM Literature Review Group recognizes a need for a high-quality, consolidated, and easily accessible evidence base of literature. In response to that need, the group created an annual publication that strives to provide readers with access to the highest quality and most relevant IEM research. This publication represents our fourth annual review, covering the top 26 IEM research articles published in 2008.

Prevalence of undiagnosed hypoxemia in adults and children in an under-resourced district hospital in Zambia.

Background: In adequately resourced clinical environments, diagnosis of hypoxemia via pulse oximetry is routine. Unfortunately, pulse oximetry is rarely utilized in under-resourced hospitals in developing countries.

Aim: The prevalence of undiagnosed hypoxemia among adults and children with illnesses other than pneumonia in these environments remains poorly described.

The modified reverse sural artery flap lower extremity reconstruction.

Introduction: The reverse sural artery flap eliminates the need for long and technically demanding free tissue transfers, which have become the gold standard for significant tissue defects in the distal third of the leg and ankle. Unfortunately, the originally described reverse sural artery flap technique has a risk of partial or total flap necrosis as high as 25%. We hypothesized that delaying the flap (the delay time ranged from 48 hours to 2 weeks) and using a 4-cm wide pedicle would decrease the amount of partial flap necrosis that commonly occurs with this flap.