Radiological Diagnosis and Advances in Imaging of Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) affect 1.4 million patients every year, especially among the globally aging population, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Often characterized with symptoms of sudden onset back pain, decreased vertebral height, progressive kyphosis, and limited mobility, VCFs can significantly impact a patient's quality of life and are a significant public health concern.

The Impact of an Artificial Intelligence Certificate Program on Radiology Resident Education.

Rationale And Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot artificial intelligence (AI) certificate program in aiding radiology trainees to develop an understanding of the evolving role and application of artificial intelligence in radiology. A secondary objective was set to determine the background of residents that would most benefit from such training.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective pilot study involving 42 radiology residents at two separate residency programs who participated in the Radiological Society of North America Imaging AI Foundational Certificate course over a four-month period.

Incidental Apical Pleuroparenchymal Scarring on Computed Tomography: Diagnostic Yield, Progression, Morphologic Features and Clinical Significance.

Purpose: Apical pleuroparenchymal scarring (APPS) is commonly seen on chest computed tomography (CT), though the imaging and clinical features, to the best of our knowledge, have never been studied. The purpose was to understand APPS's typical morphologic appearance and associated clinical features.

Patients And Methods: A random generator selected 1000 adult patients from all 21516 chest CTs performed at urban outpatient centers from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.

Impact of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction Methods on MRI Throughput.

Purpose To evaluate the effect of implementing two distinct commercially available deep learning reconstruction (DLR) algorithms on the efficiency of MRI examinations conducted in real clinical practice within an outpatient setting at a large, multicenter institution. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 7346 examinations from 10 clinical MRI scanners analyzed during the pre- and postimplementation periods of DLR methods. Two different types of DLR methods, namely Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-based and k-space-based methods, were implemented in half of the scanners (three DICOM-based and two k-space-based), while the remaining five scanners had no DLR method implemented.

Neuroimaging findings in 4342 hospitalized COVID-19 subjects: A multicenter report from the United States and Europe.

Background And Purpose: To determine the incidence of acute neuroimaging (NI) findings and comorbidities in the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19)-infected subjects in seven U.S. and four European hospitals.

Barotrauma in COVID 19: Incidence, pathophysiology, and effect on prognosis.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of barotrauma (pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema) in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients. To describe the chest radiography patterns of barotrauma and understand the development in relation to mechanical ventilation and patient mortality.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 363 patients with COVID-19 from March 1 to April 8, 2020.

Review of Thoracic Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19 and Other Pathologic Coronaviruses.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an easily transmissible coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 and has caused a global pandemic characterized by acute respiratory disease named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diagnostic imaging can be helpful as a complementary tool in supporting the diagnosis of COVID-19 and identifying alternative pathology. This article presents an overview of acute and postacute imaging findings in COVID-19.

Regional trends of minimally invasive radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer and exploration of perioperative outcomes.

Introduction: Radical hysterectomy (RH) with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection is the standard treatment for early stage cervical cancer which can be performed either by an abdominal or a minimally invasive (MIS) approach. In 2018, Ramirez et al. presented their randomized-controlled trial data which demonstrated that patients who were treated with minimally invasive surgical (MIS) radical hysterectomy (RH) had higher rates of locoregional disease recurrence and lower rates of overall survival when compared to patients treated with an abdominal approach.

Impact of COVID-19 social distancing regulations on outpatient diagnostic imaging volumes and no-show rates.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted outpatient radiology practices, necessitating change in practice infrastructure and workflow.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the consequences of social distancing regulations on 1) outpatient imaging volume and 2) no-show rates per imaging modality.

Methods: Volume and no-show rates of a large, multicenter metropolitan healthcare system outpatient practice were retrospectively stratified by modality including radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasonography, PET, DEXA, and mammography from January 2 to July 21, 2020.

Portable Chest Radiography as an Exclusionary Test for Adverse Clinical Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Chest radiography (CXR) often is performed in the acute setting to help understand the extent of respiratory disease in patients with COVID-19, but a clearly defined role for negative chest radiograph results in assessing patients has not been described.

Research Question: Is portable CXR an effective exclusionary test for future adverse clinical outcomes in patients suspected of having COVID-19?

Study Design And Methods: Charts of consecutive patients suspected of having COVID-19 at five EDs in New York City between March 19, 2020, and April 23, 2020, were reviewed. Patients were categorized based on absence of findings on initial CXR.

Sources of Revenue Loss and Recovery in Radiology Practices During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Rationale And Objectives: This study seeks to quantify the financial impact of COVID-19 on radiology departments, and to describe the structure of both volume and revenue recovery.

Materials And Methods: Radiology studies from a large academic health system were retrospectively studied from the first 33 weeks of 2020. Volume and work relative value unit (wRVU) data were aggregated on a weekly basis for three periods: Presurge (weeks 1-9), surge (10-19), and recovery (20-33), and analyzed compared to the pre-COVID baseline stratified by modality, specialty, patient service location, and facility type.

Relationship of hospital volume on outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: Analysis of a 70,000 patient database.

Positive relationships between volume and outcome have been seen in several surgical and medical conditions, resulting in more centralized and specialized care structures. Currently, there is a scarcity of literature involving the volume-outcome relationship in pulmonary embolism (PE). Using a state-wide dataset that encapsulates all non-federal admissions in New York State, we performed a retrospective cohort study on admitted patients with a diagnosis of PE.

Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in non-intubated patients with COVID-19.

Purpose: We describe the presenting characteristics and hospital course of 11 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) patients who developed spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (SE) with or without pneumomediastinum (SPM) in the absence of prior mechanical ventilation.

Materials And Methods: A total of 11 non-intubated COVID-19 patients (8 male and 3 female, median age 61 years) developed SE and SPM between March 15 and April 30, 2020 at a multi-center urban health system in New York City. Demographics (age, gender, smoking status, comorbid conditions, and body-mass index), clinical variables (temperature, oxygen saturation, and symptoms), and laboratory values (white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and peak interleukin-6) were collected.

The Use of FDG PET Parametric Imaging in the Diagnosis of Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy.

Olivopontocerebellar atrophy is a rare neurodegenerative syndrome associated with 2 distinct disorders: multiple system atrophy and spinocerebellar ataxia. We present a case involving a 66-year-old man with adult-onset progressing cerebellar signs reflective of a cerebellar syndrome with no significant family history and unremarkable genetic testing for spinocerebellar ataxia. This case was found to be most consistent with sporadic olivopontocerebellar atrophy, which falls under the multiple system atrophy category.

Clinical and Chest Radiography Features Determine Patient Outcomes in Young and Middle-aged Adults with COVID-19.

Background Chest radiography has not been validated for its prognostic utility in evaluating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Purpose To analyze the prognostic value of a chest radiograph severity scoring system for younger (nonelderly) patients with COVID-19 at initial presentation to the emergency department (ED); outcomes of interest included hospitalization, intubation, prolonged stay, sepsis, and death. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, patients between the ages of 21 and 50 years who presented to the ED of an urban multicenter health system from March 10 to March 26, 2020, with COVID-19 confirmation on real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were identified.

Evaluation of Fracture and Osteotomy Union in the Setting of Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Reliability of the Modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibial Fractures (RUST).

Background: Evaluation of the union of osteotomies and fractures in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a critical component of patient care. Studies of the OI patient population have so far used varied criteria to evaluate bony union. The radiographic union score for tibial fractures (RUST), which was subsequently revised to the modified RUST, is an objective standardized method of evaluating fracture healing.

Radical Prostatectomy Sociodemographic Disparities Based on Hospital and Physician Volume.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of volume status on socio-demographic disparities for radical prostatectomy (RP) in New York State.

Patients And Methods: All patients undergoing RP from 2006 to 2014 with an admitting or principal diagnosis of prostate cancer were identified. All 40,533 cases were separated into volume groups stratified by hospital and physician quartiles with a goal of maintaining consistent numbers between the 4 volume groups.

Trends and Disparities in Cervical Spine Fusion Procedures Utilization in the New York State.

Study Design: A retrospective review of the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database of the New York State.

Objective: This study examined the rate of increase of cervical spine fusion procedures at low-, medium-, and high-volume hospitals, and analyzed racial and socioeconomic characteristics of the patient population treated at these three volume categories.

Summary Of Background Data: There has been a steady increase in spinal fusion procedures performed each year in the United States, especially cervical and lumbar fusion.

Modified frailty index associated with Clavien-Dindo IV complications in robot-assisted radical prostatectomies: A retrospective study.

Objective: To determine the effect of frailty on patient outcomes including any complication, Clavien-Dindo IV (CDIV) (intensive care unit-level) complications, and 30-day mortality for robotic-assisted radical prostatectomies (RARP) patients in comparison to other predictive indices using the modified frailty index (mFI).

Material And Methods: Patients undergoing RARP from 2008 to 2014 for a prostate cancer-related diagnosis were queried using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. The mFI was developed using the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Frailty Index as a model.

Utilization Trends and Short-term Outcomes of Robotic Versus Open Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.

Objective: To compare utilization trends and short-term outcomes of robotic versus open radical cystectomy for bladder cancer since the introduction of the robotic modifier (ICD-9 17.4x).

Materials And Methods: Using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database, an all-payer administrative system on all hospital discharges in New York State, we identified patients undergoing radical cystectomy (57.