Hemoglobin A1c Levels >6.6% Are Associated With Higher Postoperative Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To investigate the relation between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and postoperative complications after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients with an isolated anterior cruciate ligament tear, preoperative diagnosis of diabetes, and documented HbA1c within 90 days of primary ACLR between 2000 and 2019. Data collected included demographic and surgical characteristics, 90-day medical complications, and subsequent surgeries on the ipsilateral knee.

Acromioclavicular Joint Anatomy and Biomechanics: The Significance of Posterior Rotational and Translational Stability.

The shoulder girdle extends from the sternoclavicular joint to the scapular stabilizing muscles posteriorly. It consists of 3 joints and 2 mobile regions. The shoulder girdle is statically stabilized by the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular capsuloligamentous structures and dynamically stabilized by the trapezius, deltoid, and deltotrapezial fascia.

The Use of Biologics in NFL Athletes: An Expert Consensus of NFL Team Physicians.

Background: There is a lack of published information outlining the use of biologics in National Football League (NFL) athletes and limited data to guide biologic treatment strategies.

Purpose: To develop a consensus on the use of biologics among NFL team physicians.

Study Design: Consensus statement.

Editorial Commentary: Fascia Lata Allograft for Shoulder Superior Capsular Reconstruction: In the Fight Over Optimal Graft Choice for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears, Superior Capsular Reconstruction Proponents May Be Changing Their Gloves.

Optimal treatment of irreparable rotator cuff tears is still debated. Proponents of the superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) have previously used fascia lata autograft and acellular dermal allograft. Interest is growing in using fascia lata allograft as a new graft material.

Epidemiology of Traumatic Posterior Hip Instability in the National Football League.

Background: There is a paucity of literature regarding injury incidence, mechanism, and return to play in National Football League (NFL) players who have sustained traumatic posterior hip instability.

Purpose: To describe the incidence of traumatic posterior hip instability and the rate of return to play in NFL players across 18 seasons.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Clavicle Fractures With Associated Acute Neurovascular Injury.

Descriptions of acute neurovascular injury after clavicle fracture are limited to case reports. The objectives of this study were to assess both the prevalence of acute neurovascular injury after midshaft clavicle fracture and the outcomes of early fracture stabilization. A retrospective chart review was conducted of all adult patients with midshaft clavicle fracture who were treated surgically at 2 tertiary care referral centers from January 2010 to March 2019.

Does computerized CT-based 3D planning of the humeral head cut help to restore the anatomy of the proximal humerus after stemless total shoulder arthroplasty?

Background: Restoration of proximal humeral anatomy (RPHA) after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) has been shown to result in better clinical outcomes than is the case in nonanatomic humeral reconstruction. Preoperative virtual planning has mainly focused on glenoid component placement. Such planning also has the potential to improve anatomic positioning of the humeral head by more accurately guiding the humeral head cut and aid in the selection of anatomic humeral component sizing.

Effect of Posterior Glenoid Labral Tears at the NFL Combine on Future NFL Performance.

Background: Posterior labral injuries have been recognized as a particularly significant clinical problem in collision and contact athletes.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect that posterior labral tears have on early National Football League (NFL) performance based on position, associated injuries, and operative versus nonoperative management.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Jones Fractures Identified at the National Football League Scouting Combine: Assessment of Prognostic Factors, Computed Tomography Findings, and Initial Career Performance.

Background: Jones fractures result in subsequent dysfunction and remain an issue for athletes.

Purpose: To (1) describe the epidemiology, treatment, and impact of Jones fractures identified at the National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine on players' early careers and (2) establish the value of computed tomography (CT) to determine bony healing after a fracture in prospective players.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries Identified at the National Football League Scouting Combine: Assessment of Epidemiological Characteristics, Imaging Findings, and Initial Career Performance.

Background: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee, especially in young athletes. The impact of MCL injury on National Football League (NFL) performance in elite collegiate athletes has not yet been described in the literature.

Purpose: We aim to (1) describe the prevalence and severity of MCL injuries in NFL Combine participants, (2) detail injury management, and (3) analyze the impact of MCL injury on NFL performance in terms of draft position, games played, games started, and snap percentage.

The Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries Identified at the National Football League Combine, 2009-2015.

Background: American football is a leading cause of sports-related injuries, with the knee, ankle, and shoulder most commonly involved.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology, characteristics, and imaging findings of ankle injuries in football players at the National Football League (NFL) Combine and determine the relationship to player position. We hypothesized that there would be a high relative incidence of ankle injuries in these players compared with other sports and that there would be a direct correlation between the incidence of ankle injuries and player position.

Effect of Anterior Glenoid Labral Tears and Glenoid Bone Loss at the NFL Combine on Future NFL Performance.

Background: Anterior glenohumeral instability is a common abnormality in the young, athletic population, especially in those participating in contact or collision sports.

Purpose: To examine the effect of anterior labral tears, their associated injuries, and their management on future National Football League (NFL) performance.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Body Mass Index Versus Body Fat Percentage in Prospective National Football League Athletes: Overestimation of Obesity Rate in Athletes at the National Football League Scouting Combine.

Provencher, MT, Chahla, J, Sanchez, G, Cinque, ME, Kennedy, NI, Whalen, J, Price, MD, Moatshe, G, and LaPrade, RF. Body mass index versus body fat percentage in prospective national football league athletes: overestimation of obesity rate in athletes at the national football league scouting combine. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 1013-1019, 2018-Obesity has been previously noted as a major issue in the National Football League (NFL), where it has been shown that 97% of all players demonstrate a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25.

Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries of the Knee at the National Football League Combine: An Imaging and Epidemiology Study.

Purpose: To determine the epidemiology by player position, examination, imaging findings, and associated injuries of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries in players participating in the National Football League (NFL) Combine.

Methods: All PCL injuries identified at the NFL Combine (2009-2015) were reviewed. Data were obtained from the database organized by the NFL medical personnel for the compilation of the medical and physical performance examination results of NFL Draftees participating in the NFL Combine from 2009 to 2015.

Symptomatic Focal Knee Chondral Injuries in National Football League Combine Players Are Associated With Poorer Performance and Less Volume of Play.

Purpose: To (1) describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of knee chondral injuries identified at the National Football League (NFL) Combine and (2) assess in-game performance of prospective NFL players with previously untreated knee chondral injuries and compare it with matched controls.

Methods: All players with knee chondral injuries identified at the NFL Combine (2009-2015) were retrospectively reviewed. Players with prior knee surgery were excluded.

Meniscectomy and Resultant Articular Cartilage Lesions of the Knee Among Prospective National Football League Players: An Imaging and Performance Analysis.

Background: The effect of prior meniscectomy and the resulting reduction in meniscal tissue on a potential National Football League (NFL) player's articular cartilage status and performance remain poorly elucidated. Purpose/Hypothesis: (1) To determine the epidemiology, imaging characteristics, and associated articular cartilage pathology of the knee among players with a previous meniscectomy who were participating in the NFL Combine and (2) to evaluate the effect of these injuries on performance as compared with matched controls. The hypothesis was that players with less meniscal tissue would have worse cartilage status and inferior performance metrics in their first 2 NFL seasons.

The Latarjet Procedure at the National Football League Scouting Combine: An Imaging and Performance Analysis.

Background: The Latarjet procedure is commonly performed in the setting of glenoid bone loss for treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability; however, little is known regarding the outcomes of this procedure in elite American football players.

Purpose: (1) Determine the prevalence, clinical features, and imaging findings of elite college football athletes who present to the National Football League (NFL) Combine with a previous Latarjet procedure and (2) describe these athletes' performance in the NFL in terms of draft status and initial playing time.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Total Elbow Arthroplasty in the United States: Evaluation of Cost, Patient Demographics, and Complication Rates.

Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is utilized in the treatment of rheumatoid and post-traumatic elbow arthritis. TEA is a relatively low volume surgery in comparison to other types of arthroplasty and therefore little is known about current surgical utilization, patient demographics and complication rates in the United States. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the current practice trends and associated in-patient complications of TEA at academic centers in the United States.

Arthroscopic Transtendinous Double-Pulley Remplissage Technique in the Beach-Chair Position for Large Hill-Sachs Lesions.

Hill-Sachs lesions are a common finding in patients with glenohumeral instability. There have been numerous methods described for addressing Hill-Sachs deformity. One popular method includes transferring a portion of the infraspinatus muscle into the posterior-superior defect (remplissage) to prevent the lesion from engaging and the resultant instability.

Management of complications after reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has become the treatment of choice for patients with rotator cuff arthropathy. Complication rate after RTSA has been reported to be three to five times that of conventional total shoulder arthroplasty. Intraoperative and postoperative complications include neurological injury, infection, dislocation or instability, acromial or scapular spine fracture, hematoma, and scapular notching.

Effect of timing of ACL reconstruction in surgery and development of meniscal and chondral lesions.

Purpose: To investigate whether a delay in the timing of surgery of > 6 months compared with performing the surgery ≤ 6 months after the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury leads to an increased risk of injuries or degenerative changes in the ACL-deficient knee.

Methods: Patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction at an academic tertiary care center, and had preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed within 2 months of the time of the ACL injury were included. The prevalence of degenerative changes at the time of surgery was assessed and related to the timing of ACL surgery, with "early reconstruction" defined as a surgery performed ≤ 6 months and "delayed reconstruction" defined as surgery performed > 6 months after ACL injury.

Management of type II superior labrum anterior posterior lesions: a review of the literature.

Superior labrum anterior and posterior lesions were first described in 1985 by Andrews et al. and later classified into four types by Synder et al. The most prevalent is type II which is fraying of the superior glenoid labrum with detachment of the biceps anchor.