Perioperative systemic IL-6 and immune-adipose- metabolism transcription in tumour and tumour adjacent breast cancer.

Surgical resection is the primary treatment approach for patients with breast cancer. Despite optimal multimodal treatment, metastatic recurrence remains a risk. Surgery-mediated systemic inflammation and local tissue inflammation generate an immunosuppressive and wound-healing environment that may accelerate cancer recurrence and metastasis post-operatively.

Acceptability, Perceptions, and Experiences Regarding Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be defined as any report of a patient's health taken directly from the patient. Routine collection of PRO data has been shown to offer potential benefits to patient-doctor communication. Electronic forms of PRO measures (PROMs) could be more beneficial in comparison to traditional PROMs in obtaining PROs from patients.

The gut microbiota in persistent post-operative pain following breast cancer surgery.

Persistent post-surgical pain (PPSP) is defined as pain which continues after a surgical operation in a significant form for at least three months (and is not related to pre-existing painful conditions). PPSP is a common, under-recognised, and important clinical problem which affects millions of patients worldwide. Preventative measures which are currently available include the selection of a minimally invasive surgical technique and an aggressive multimodal perioperative analgesic regimen.

Association of preoperative and postoperative circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) with PIK3CA gene mutation with risk of recurrence in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), contains tumour-specific gene mutation in blood circulation and could aid in postoperative risk stratification of non-metastatic breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of detecting PIK3CA gene mutations in ctDNA in the preoperative (preop) and postoperative period (postop), and its prognostic significance in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: A cohort of patients with breast cancer undergoing curative surgery with available blood samples preoperatively and postoperatively (Post op) at either Post op time period; week 1-2, week 3-4 or weeks 5-12 were enrolled.

Nodal positivity in patients with clinically and radiologically node-negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: multicentre collaborative study.

Background: The necessity of performing a sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with clinically and radiologically node-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been questioned. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of nodal positivity in these patients and to identify clinicopathological features associated with lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ypN+).

Methods: A retrospective multicentre study was performed.

Prophylactic aspirin intake and breast cancer risk; A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies.

Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common cancer amongst women. The chemo-preventative effects of aspirin on breast cancer have been demonstrated in several longitudinal studies however previous meta-analysis have shown inconsistent results. This study aimed to assess the relationship between aspirin use and BC risk, and to determine if there is a dose-response relationship between aspirin and BC risk.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in Ireland - Perspectives from a COVID-19 and Cancer Working Group.

Upon the COVID-19 pandemic onset in Ireland, cancer service disruptions occurred due to prioritisation of COVID-19 related care, redeployment of staff, initial pausing of screening, diagnostic, medical and surgical oncology procedures, staff shortages due to COVID-19 infection and impacts on the physical and mental health of cancer healthcare workers. This was coupled with reluctance among people with symptoms suspicious for cancer to attend for clinical evaluation, due to concerns of contracting the virus. This was further compounded by a cyber-attack on national health service IT systems on May 14th 2021.

Teaching strategies for shared decision-making within the context of evidence-based healthcare practice: A scoping review.

Objective: To describe the nature of teaching Shared Decision Making (SDM) within the context of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) to support development of contemporaneous EBP education programmes for healthcare learners.

Methods: A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance was conducted with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) used to guide reporting.

Results: The narrative overview of 23 studies provides insight into the 'what' and 'how' of teaching SDM within the context of EBP education.

The Women's Health Initiative cancer survivorship clinic incorporating electronic patient-reported outcomes: a study protocol for the Linking You to Support and Advice (LYSA) randomized controlled trial.

Background: The improved survival rate for many cancers in high-income countries demands a coordinated multidisciplinary approach to survivorship care and service provision to ensure optimal patient outcomes and quality of life. This study assesses the feasibility of introducing a Women's Health Initiative cancer survivorship clinic in Ireland.

Methods: The trial https://spcare.

Assessment of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations in the perioperative period can predict risk of recurrence in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a potential non-invasive biomarker of disease status in patients with cancer, and provides important diagnostic and prognostic information in breast cancer. The goal of this study was to quantify cfDNA concentrations during the perioperative period and investigate its potential utility to detect recurrence outcomes in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: Sixty-two (n = 62) patients with non-metastatic breast cancer, undergoing curative-intent surgery were screened for inclusion.

Perioperative cell-free DNA trends predict recurrence of non-metastatic colorectal cancer significantly earlier than CEA trends over the first 2 years post-operatively in stage II and stage III colon cancer.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of perioperative ΔcfDNA to ΔCEA (over the first 2 years post-operatively) for identifying disease recurrence in colon cancer.

Methods: Patients presenting for elective resection for colon cancer with curative intent were screened for inclusion. Perioperative cfDNA levels were measured at seven different times points(pre-operative and post-operative at 3 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, POD3 and POD5).

Determining the need for a breast cancer awareness educational intervention for women with mild/moderate levels of intellectual disability: A qualitative descriptive study.

Objective: Following a review of the existing body of literature, this study aimed to explore the need for a breast cancer awareness intervention specifically targeted at women with mild/moderate levels of intellectual disability (ID) and provide perspectives on the preferred processes and content underpinning an intervention.

Methods: A qualitative, descriptive design using semi-structured, individual (n = 5) and focus group (n = 5) interviews were used to engage with a non-probability, purposive sample of key stakeholders (n = 25) including women with mild/moderate levels of ID, caregivers and healthcare professionals. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Metabolomic Pathway Activity with Genomic Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Colorectal Cancer Recurrence and 5-Year Overall Survival.

Purpose: Metabolomic analysis in colorectal cancer (CRC) is an emerging research area with both prognostic and therapeutic targeting potential. We aimed to identify metabolomic pathway activity prognostic for CRC recurrence and overall survival and cross-reference such metabolomic data with prognostic genomic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library was performed for studies reporting prognostic metabolomic pathway activity in CRC in keeping with PRISMA guidelines.

Biopsy bacterial signature can predict patient tissue malignancy.

Considerable recent research has indicated the presence of bacteria in a variety of human tumours and matched normal tissue. Rather than focusing on further identification of bacteria within tumour samples, we reversed the hypothesis to query if establishing the bacterial profile of a tissue biopsy could reveal its histology / malignancy status. The aim of the present study was therefore to differentiate between malignant and non-malignant fresh breast biopsy specimens, collected specifically for this purpose, based on bacterial sequence data alone.

Body Composition, Inflammation, and 5-Year Outcomes in Colon Cancer.

Importance: Obesity, particularly visceral obesity and sarcopenia, are poor prognostic indicators in colon cancer.

Objectives: To explore the association between body composition profiles and 5-year colon cancer outcomes and delineate the associated underlying inflammatory processes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter translational cohort study included patients with nonmetastatic colon cancer who did not have underlying chronic inflammatory disorders and were not receiving anti-inflammatory drugs referred to tertiary cancer centers from 2009 to 2015.

Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of the Novel Antineoplastic Agent 1,4,5-Oxathiazinane-4,4-dioxide on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Adjuvant therapeutic options are limited for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Thus, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of the newly synthesized antineoplastic agent 1,4,5-Oxathiazinane-4,4-dioxide (OTD) on TNBC cells as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.

Materials And Methods: TNBC primary BT-20 and metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell lines were treated with increasing concentrations of OTD for various time periods to assess cell viability.

Defining breast cancer awareness and identifying barriers to breast cancer awareness for women with an intellectual disability: A review of the literature.

Introduction: Incidence rates for developing breast cancer are similar for women regardless of intellectual ability. However, women with an intellectual disability present with advanced breast cancers, which often have a poor prognosis.

Method: A structured narrative review of the literature was performed to explore the concepts of breast awareness and breast cancer awareness and subsequently, identify barriers to breast cancer awareness encountered by women with an intellectual disability.

Association of Circulating Tumor DNA With Disease-Free Survival in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Fragmented DNA is continuously released into the circulation following apoptosis and necrosis of both cancerous and noncancerous cells; when it is released by cancer cells, it is specifically known as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Previous studies have suggested that ctDNA can reflect tumor burden and guide potential therapeutic targets.

Objective: To determine the association of ctDNA with breast cancer disease-free survival (DFS) and progression-free survival in early, locally advanced, and metastatic breast cancer.

Assessing the accuracy of conventional gadolinium-enhanced breast MRI in measuring the nodal response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.

Management of the axilla in the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer is evolving. The aim of this study is to determine if conventional gadolinium-enhanced breast MRI can aid in evaluation of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the axilla. A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was performed.

The LOCalizer Radiofrequency Identification System: An Effective New Technology for Localizing Non-Palpable Breast Lesions for Surgery.

Breast screening has decreased morbidity and mortality due to detection of early, non-palpable breast cancers. One of the challenges of performing breast-conserving surgery on non-palpable breast tumours is accurate localization of the cancer. We aimed to perform a feasibility study to examine the outcomes associated with the introduction of a novel radiofrequency identification system (RFID) called LOCalizer as an alternative to traditional wire-guided localization.

Building capacity: getting evidence-based practice into healthcare professional curricula.

Unlabelled: Fostering a culture of clinical effectiveness in healthcare is crucial to achieving optimum outcomes for patients. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a cornerstone of clinical effectiveness. An EBP capacity-building project commenced in Ireland in 2016, in collaboration with the Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine in Oxford.

Can the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Complete Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The systemic inflammatory response plays a role in tumor progression and development. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biochemical marker of systemic inflammation and is increasingly gaining appreciation for its prognostic role in predicting breast cancer outcomes. Previous research has demonstrated that patients who achieve a complete pathologic response (pCR) to neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment have a more favorable disease-free survival.

The clinicomolecular landscape of de novo versus relapsed stage IV metastatic breast cancer.

Background: de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) is responsible for 6-10% of breast cancer presentations with increasing incidence and has remained resistant to detection by mammography screening. Recent publications hypothesized that in addition to poor screening uptake, the presentation of dnMBC may be due to its unfavourable biology which remains unknown at the molecular level. Here we investigated the tumour biology of dnMBC in the form of clinicopathology, genomic alterations and differential gene expression to create a comparative landscape of de novo versus relapsed metastatic breast cancer (rMBC).