Children's memory "in the wild": examining the temporal organization of free recall from a week-long camp at a local zoo.

Free-recall paradigms have greatly influenced our understanding of memory. The majority of this research involves laboratory-based events (e.g.

Ten simple rules for implementing open and reproducible research practices after attending a training course.

Open, reproducible, and replicable research practices are a fundamental part of science. Training is often organized on a grassroots level, offered by early career researchers, for early career researchers. Buffet style courses that cover many topics can inspire participants to try new things; however, they can also be overwhelming.

Evolving Role of Dual-Energy CT in the Clinical Workup of Gout: A Retrospective Study.

Dual-energy CT (DECT) allows noninvasive detection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposits and has become incorporated into the routine clinical evaluation for gout at many institutions over the past decade. The purpose of this study was to compare two time periods over the past decade in terms of radiologists' interpretations of DECT examinations performed for the evaluation of gout and subsequent clinical actions. This retrospective study included 100 consecutive adult patients who underwent DECT to evaluate for gout in each of two periods (one beginning in March 2013 and one beginning in September 2019).

Clinical evaluation of a new adaptive iterative metal artifact reduction method in whole-body low-dose CT skeletal survey examinations.

Objective: To evaluate a new adaptive iterative metal artifact reduction algorithm (AiMAR) in whole-body low-dose CT (WBLDCT) skeletal survey examinations.

Methods: Projection data were retrospectively obtained from 25 clinical WBLDCT skeletal survey patients, each with two types of metal implants. Images were reconstructed with bone and soft tissue kernels using four settings-original and AiMAR with strengths of 2, 4, and 5.

Benefits of iterative metal artifact reduction and dual-energy CT towards mitigating artifact in the setting of total shoulder prostheses.

Objective: To determine the utility of iterative metal artifact reduction and 130 keV dual-energy virtual monoenergetic images to improve bone and soft tissue visualization in CT scans affected by metal artifacts.

Material And Methods: Thirteen females and 6 males with a history of total shoulder prosthesis who underwent dual-energy shoulder CT were included. Four sets of images were reconstructed for each patient: (1) original polychromatic kV images reconstructed with weighted filtered back projection; (2) polychromatic kV images with iterative metal artifact reduction; (3) 130 keV dual-energy virtual monoenergetic; (4) combined iterative metal artifact reduction and 130 keV dual-energy virtual monoenergetic.

Using machine learning analyses to explore relations between eyewitness lineup looking behaviors and suspect guilt.

Objective: We conducted 2 experiments using machine learning to better understand which lineup looking behaviors postdict suspect guilt., Hypotheses: We hypothesized that (a) lineups with guilty suspects would be subject to shorter viewing duration of all images and fewer image looks overall than lineups with innocent suspects, and (b) confidence and accuracy would be positively correlated. The question of which factors would combine to best postdict suspect guilt was exploratory.

Findings of CT-Derived Bone Strength Assessment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Undergoing CT Enterography in Clinical Practice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at risk of developing complications from metabolic bone disease, but the exact prevalence is unknown. We evaluated fracture risk in IBD patients using (1) biomechanical CT analysis (BCT) using bone strength and bone mineral density (BMD), (2) Cornerstone guidelines, and (3) other clinical features predicting fracture risk.

Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive IBD patients who underwent CT enterography (CTE) with BCT from March 2014 to March 2017 was performed.

Evaluation of projection- and dual-energy-based methods for metal artifact reduction in CT using a phantom study.

Objectives: Both projection and dual-energy (DE)-based methods have been used for metal artifact reduction (MAR) in CT. The two methods can also be combined. The purpose of this work was to evaluate these three MAR methods using phantom experiments for five types of metal implants.

Evaluation of cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in volumetric bone mineral density in postmenopausal women using single- versus dual-energy quantitative computed tomography.

Central quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is increasingly used in clinical trials and practice to assess bone mass or strength and to evaluate longitudinal changes in response to drug treatment. Current studies utilize single-energy (SE) QCT scans, which may be confounded both by the amount of bone marrow fat at baseline and changes in marrow fat over time. However, the extent to which marrow fat changes either underestimate volumetric BMD (vBMD) measurements at baseline or under-/overestimate longitudinal changes in vivo in humans remains unclear.

Intramuscular fat infiltration evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging predicts the extensibility of the supraspinatus muscle.

Introduction: Rotator cuff (RC) tears result in muscle atrophy and fat infiltration within the RC muscles. An estimation of muscle quality and deformation, or extensibility, is useful in selecting the most appropriate surgical procedure. We determined if noninvasive quantitative assessment of intramuscular fat using MRI could be used to predict extensibility of the supraspinatus muscle.

MRI findings of 26 patients with Parsonage-Turner syndrome.

Objective: The objective of our study was to describe the MRI features of patients with Parsonage-Turner syndrome. Familiarity with the MRI features associated with this entity is important because radiologists may be the first to suggest the diagnosis. Twenty-six patients with Parsonage-Turner syndrome were treated at our institution between 1997 and 2005.

Postoperative imaging of the knee.

The knee is a frequently injured joint and, thus, a common focus of operative intervention. As operative techniques and imaging modalities evolve, radiologists must be aware of the expected postoperative appearance after knee surgeries that are performed commonly and also must be comfortable recognizing complications encountered commonly in the immediate and delayed postoperative period. Drawing on the large amount of attention this subject has received of late in the radiologic and orthopedic literature, this article reviews the knee surgeries performed most commonly and the expected normal and most frequently encountered abnormal postoperative imaging findings with an emphasis on MR imaging.

Chondroblastoma of the hands and feet.

Objective: To review the imaging findings, age and gender distribution of chondroblastoma of the hands and feet.

Design And Patients: Twenty-five cases of pathologically proven chondroblastoma of the hands and feet were reviewed. Available imaging modalities included radiographs (n=24), CT (n=3), MRI (n=5), and radionuclide bone scintigraphy (n=1).

Radiographic differentiation of enchondroma from low-grade chondrosarcoma in the fibula.

To evaluate demographic and radiographic features that may differentiate between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma of the fibula. The radiographs of ninety-three histologically-confirmed cartilaginous tumors of the fibula were retrospectively reviewed along with demographic information as to patient age and gender. Fifty-four enchondromas and thirty-nine low-grade chondrosarcomas were included in the study.

Association of biceps tendon tears with rotator cuff abnormalities: degree of correlation with tears of the anterior and superior portions of the rotator cuff.

Objective: This study was performed to examine the relationship and association of abnormalities seen in the long head of the biceps brachii tendon to abnormal findings in the rotator cuff.

Materials And Methods: One hundred eleven patients underwent MR imaging for shoulder pain followed by arthroscopic or open shoulder surgery from January 1997 to December 2000. Patients were identified by a retrospective search, and all consecutive patients having undergone both MR imaging and surgery were included in the patient cohort.

Wrist: improved MR imaging with optimized transmit-receive coil design.

The optimized wrist coil was designed and built as a transmit-receive birdcage coil for 1.5-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Phantom studies were conducted to compare the optimized design with custom-designed and commercially available phased-array wrist coils and showed a 50%-90% improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).