The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus started in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, in China's Hubei province. This virus quickly spread worldwide, and on March 11, 2020, it was declared a pandemic. Thrombosis, as a hallmark of severe disease, was recognized early as a cause of death; however, the exact pathophysiological mechanism is still not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPancytopenia is a hematologic condition characterized by a decrease in all three peripheral blood cell lines. There are many causes of pancytopenia, and the proper approach is required for accurate diagnosis. Brucellosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are both diseases that can initially present as pancytopenia, both of which require a targeted workup to diagnose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a disease caused by a severe immune system reaction that involves an overwhelming inflammatory response with overproduction of cytokines and hemophagocytosis. HLH is classified as primary HLH or familial HLH (PHLH or FHLH) and secondary HLH. PHLH is due to mutations in several genes that regulate immune cells, while secondary HLH is triggered by a severe illness (viral infections or malignancies) that induce an excessive immune response that is difficult to control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAustrian syndrome consists of a triad of endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia caused by . With the arrival of many antibiotic therapies, the disease remains rare, however, it can be overlooked due to the lack of awareness. We present a case of Austrian syndrome in an immunocompromised patient complicated by multiorgan failure.
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