Cultural competence education for practicing physicians: lessons in cultural humility, nonjudgmental behaviors, and health beliefs elicitation.

Introduction: Although numerous studies have examined cultural competence training, debate still exists about efficacious approaches to this training. Furthermore, little focus has been placed on training and evaluating practicing physicians.

Methods: A skills-based course on culturally competent diabetes care was developed and subsequently tested in a controlled trial of primary physicians caring for patients enrolled in one state's Medicaid program.

Assessing culturally competent diabetes care with unannounced standardized patients.

Background And Objectives: More effective diabetes care is desperately needed, especially for ethnic minority populations. Provider cultural competence promises to be an important means for reducing disparities in outcomes for patients with diabetes. The objectives of this study were to understand the role of cultural competence in the diabetes office visit.

Concurrent and longitudinal predictors of self-esteem in elementary and middle school girls.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of factors related to self-esteem, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, among 2 cohorts of girls over a period of 4 years, from elementary through middle school.

Methods: A multiethnic sample of 656 elementary school girls recruited from 13 schools in Hayward, CA, and Tucson, AZ, was evaluated annually over a 4-year period. The McKnight Risk Factor Survey IV was administered, which consists of 103 questions that assess self-esteem, appearance appraisal, effect of body changes, depressed mood, teasing, school performance, and other factors.

Does dieting lead to weight gain? A four-year longitudinal study of middle school girls.

Objective: A majority of the published longitudinal research on children has reported that dieting is related to weight gain at a later point in time. The purpose of this study was to look at weight control behaviors and patterns of weight gain and loss, specifically whether dieting is related to weight gain.

Research Methods And Procedures: Baseline data were collected from 1358 female students in grades 6 to 9 from schools in Hayward, CA, and Tucson, AZ.

Ethnic differences in dieting, binge eating, and purging behaviors among American females: a review.

The research literature related to ethnic differences in dieting, binge eating, and purging behaviors among American females was reviewed. Relevant publications were located by means of computer searches utilizing MedLine and PsycInfo databases. The majority of the dieting studies that have been published thus far indicate that this behavior is more prevalent among White females while most studies of binge eating and purging behaviors indicate that these behaviors are as common among minority females as among White females.

Eating and weight control behaviors among middle school girls in relationship to body weight and ethnicity.

This study examined the links among body mass index (BMI), weight control practices, binge eating, and eating disorders in 1164 middle school girls. Both the prevalence and frequency of weight control behaviors increased as BMI increased, but binge eating was reported approximately equally by girls across the BMI spectrum.

Eating disorder symptoms in runners, cyclists, and paddlers.

Objective: To differentiate groups of highly conditioned, competitive athletes on the basis of Exercise Orientation Questionnaire (EOQ) scores and self-reported psychiatric symptoms.

Method: A total of 99 runners, 36 cyclists, and 55 paddlers were administered the EOQ and a symptom checklist.

Results: Analysis of variance and chi-square associated self-loathing subscale (SLSS) scores with self-reported eating disorder (ED) symptoms for the entire group [F(1)=4.