[Acute red eye].

The general physician as well as the medical specialist may be confronted with a patient with one or two red eyes. To be adequately equipped we answer a series of questions on diagnosis, treatment and referral of patients with red eyes after trauma, or with conjunctivitis, keratitis, scleritis, uveïtis, endophthalmitis or acute glaucoma. Refer to an ophthalmologist or not?

[Infectious keratitis and corneal transplantation in a 15-year-old patient wearing contact lenses].

Background: Soft contact lens wearing increases the risk of an infectious keratitis. A patient present with a red painfull eye, in which case a corneal erosion (coloring with fluorescein) was seen by the general practitioner. It is possible that the clinical course worsens in a few days with a corneal perforation as a result.

Quality of vision and vision-related quality of life after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare quality of vision and vision-related quality of life (QOL) in patients undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) or ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 54 patients with Fuchs' dystrophy from six corneal clinics in the Netherlands were randomized to DMEK or ultrathin DSAEK and examined preoperatively, and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures were corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs), contrast sensitivity, straylight and vision-related QOL.

Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty versus Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To compare best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), refractive astigmatism, and complications after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK).

Design: Prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Participants: Fifty-four pseudophakic eyes of 54 patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction resulting from Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were enrolled in 6 corneal centers in The Netherlands.

Refractive, topographic, and visual outcomes of same-day corneal cross-linking with Ferrara intracorneal ring segments in patients with progressive keratoconus.

Purpose: To report refractive, topographic, and visual outcomes 12 months after same-day treatment with corneal cross-linking (CXL) and Ferrara intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) in eyes with progressive keratoconus (KC) and contact lens intolerance.

Methods: This was a case series of 7 eyes (7 patients) with progressive mild to moderate keratoconus and contact lens intolerance undergoing implantation of Ferrara ICRS immediately followed by corneal cross-linking. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), refractive error, pachymetry, and keratometry were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up.

Endothelial cell decay after descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and top hat penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To analyze endothelial cell density (ECD) decay after Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and top hat keratoplasty (THPK) in patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (FED) and/or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PPBK).

Methods: Patients underwent either THPK (n = 33) or DSAEK (n = 39) at the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam. For each nonrandomized cohort, a biexponential regression model for ECD decay was fitted.

A posterior khodadoust line in a graft rejection episode after descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe the presence of an endothelial rejection line in immunological graft rejection after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 77-year-old woman underwent DSAEK procedure of the left eye because of visual limiting bullous keratopathy.

Papilledema in isolated single-suture craniosynostosis: prevalence and predictive factors.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of papilledema in patients with isolated craniosynostosis. Second, we wanted to assess if the presence of ventricular dilatation on computed tomography (CT) scan is a predictive factor for the occurrence of papilledema. We included 205 consecutive children with an isolated single-suture craniosynostosis, who had at least 1 fundus examination.

Posterior mushroom keratoplasty in patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy: transplant outcome.

Purpose: To report the outcome of posterior mushroom or top-hat-shaped keratoplasty for patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED) or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK), concerning postoperative astigmatism, visual improvement, and endothelial cell density.

Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 21 patients who received a posterior mushroom keratoplasty for FED (n = 19) or PBK (n = 3) between March 2003 and January 2006 at the Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, were included. Visual acuity, refraction, and keratometry were measured at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.

Manual trephination of mushroom keratoplasty in advanced keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the technique of mushroom keratoplasty for patients with advanced keratoconus, with respect to postoperative astigmatism, visual improvement and stability, and endothelial cell count.

Methods: Sixteen eyes of 15 patients with advanced keratoconus received a mushroom keratoplasty at the Erasmus Medical Centre at Rotterdam between April 2003 and May 2006. The donor cornea had a larger anterior stromal lamella (9.

Papilledema in patients with Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer syndrome: prevalence, efficacy of treatment, and risk factors.

Patients with syndromic craniosynostosis are at risk for elevated intracranial pressure because of various physiologic and anatomic abnormalities. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of papilledema in syndromic craniosynostosis, to evaluate the results of the treatment, and to examine the risk factors. This is a retrospective study on 84 patients with Apert, Crouzon, or Pfeiffer syndrome.

Comparison of complication rates and postoperative astigmatism between nylon and mersilene sutures for corneal transplants in patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate corneal astigmatism and suture-related complications for transplants sutured with nylon and transplants sutured with Mersilene in primary corneal transplants for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, and comparative study between transplants sutured with either nylon 10-0 or 11-0 (n = 108) or Mersilene 11-0 (n = 58) was done. One hundred sixty-six eyes of 140 patients who received a primary penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy between 1995 and 2001 at the Rotterdam Eye Hospital in Netherlands were included.

The influence of incision-induced astigmatism and axial lens position on the correction of myopic astigmatism with the Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens.

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative astigmatism with regard to incision-induced astigmatism and deviation in axial alignment with the use of preoperative limbal marking with the Javal keratometer (Haag Streit, Bern, Switzerland) in eyes implanted with the Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (IOL) (Ophtec, Groningen, The Netherlands).

Design: Prospective nonrandomized trial.

Participants: Fifty-four eyes of 33 patients with myopia (mean, -9.

Toric phakic intraocular lens for the correction of hyperopia and astigmatism.

Purpose: To evaluate the Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) for the correction of hyperopia and astigmatism.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Ophthalmology, Sint Truiden, Belgium.

Methods: In this prospective study of 47 eyes of 28 patients with hyperopia and astigmatism, Artisan toric pIOLs were implanted between April 1999 and June 2004.

Implantation of Artisan toric phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of astigmatism and spherical errors in patients with keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the correction of astigmatism and spherical ametropia in patients with keratoconus through implantation of an Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) (Ophtec, Groningen, The Netherlands).

Methods: Artisan toric PIOLs were implanted uneventfully in both eyes of three patients with keratoconus with clear central corneas and contact lens intolerance.

Results: Best spectacle-corrected subjective visual acuity after lens implantation was unchanged in one eye and improved in five eyes.

Visual loss in syndromic craniosynostosis with papilledema but without other symptoms of intracranial hypertension.

Four children with syndromic craniosynostosis (Crouzon's syndrome and Apert syndrome) developed irreversible visual loss. Apart from papilledema, there were no other clinical symptoms of intracranial hypertension. Ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus was present in all cases.

Implantation of a toric phakic intraocular lens to correct high corneal astigmatism in a patient with bilateral marginal corneal degeneration.

We present a patient with marginal corneal degeneration and corneal astigmatism of more than 10.0 diopters (D). A toric phakic intraocular lens (IOL) of 7.

Long-term outcome in high-risk corneal transplantation and the influence of HLA-A and HLA-B matching.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term follow-up of high-risk corneal transplants allocated after matching for broad HLA-A and HLA-B antigens and to establish whether matching for HLA-A and -B antigen "splits" would result in a reduced risk of immunologic graft failure.

Methods: A total of 303 high risk corneal transplants was included. Class I antigen-matched donor corneas were obtained using broad HLA-A and -B antigen data and accepting 0 or 1 mismatch at each locus.