Dietary sodium intake is associated with long-term risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation.

Background: The association between dietary salt intake and hypertension has been well documented. We evaluated the association between dietary sodium intake and the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) during a mean follow-up of 19 years among 716 subjects from the Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis (OPERA) cohort.

Material And Methods: Dietary sodium intake was evaluated from a seven-day food record.

Increased daily sodium intake is an independent dietary indicator of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged subjects.

Aims: We investigated the association between daily sodium intake and each individual component of the metabolic syndrome (MS) as well as the metabolic cluster per se and clarified which of the combinations of MS features is particularly associated with sodium intake.

Methods: A total of 716 subjects from our OPERA (Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis) cohort were selected to fill in a food follow-up diary for a 1-week period. The MS was determined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.

Tomato juice decreases LDL cholesterol levels and increases LDL resistance to oxidation.

High dietary intakes of tomato products are often associated with a reduced risk of CVD, but the atheroprotective mechanisms have not been established. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of increased dietary intake of tomato products on plasma lipids and LDL oxidation. The diet intervention included a baseline period, a 3-week low tomato diet (no tomato products allowed) and a 3-week high tomato diet (400 ml tomato juice and 30 mg tomato ketchup daily).

Changes in dietary fat intake alter plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a).

Objective: To assess the effects of dietary modifications on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

Methods And Results: Thirty-seven healthy women were fed two diets. Both diets contained a reduced amount of total and saturated fat.

Plasma homocysteine concentration is decreased by dietary intervention.

High plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is reported to be a risk factor for vascular diseases. We investigated the extent to which serum folate and plasma tHcy respond to a high intake of natural folate from food. Thirty-seven healthy females volunteered t o participate in a crossover dietary intervention.

Dietary modifications and gene polymorphisms alter serum paraoxonase activity in healthy women.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a HDL-associated enzyme, may protect against the development of atherosclerosis. Serum PON1 activity and PON1-mediated capacity of HDL to prevent lipoprotein oxidation are modulated by two common polymorphisms at positions 192 (Gln-->Arg) and 55 (Leu-->Met) of the PON1 gene. We studied the effect of dietary modifications on PON1 activity and the role of PON1 gene polymorphisms in the response.