Effect of biomass immobilization and reduced graphene oxide on the microbial community changes and nitrogen removal at low temperatures.

The slow growth rate and high optimal temperatures for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria are significant limitations of the anammox processes application in the treatment of mainstream of wastewater entering wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In this study, we investigate the nitrogen removal and microbial community changes in sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate-reduced graphene oxide (SA-RGO) carriers, depending on the process temperature, with a particular emphasis on the temperature close to the mainstream of wastewater entering the WWTP. The RGO addition to the SA matrix causes suppression of the beads swelling, which intern modifies the mechanical properties of the gel beads.

Medium shift influence on nitrogen removal bacteria: Ecophysiology and anammox process performance.

In this study, we focused on the proportion of particular bacterial groups and changes in microbial community structure in relation to the anammox process parameters and the feeding medium strategy in the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). In order to present an insight into the microbial dynamics while feeding medium shift from synthetic wastewater to landfill leachate, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Real Time PCR, PCR - DGGE (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) and Reverse Transcription PCR-DGGE analysis were used. Feeding medium change has the strongest impact on relative abundance of denitrifiers and representatives of Planctomycetes.

Cold anammox process and reduced graphene oxide - Varieties of effects during long-term interaction.

Because of its energy efficiency, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been recognized as the most promising biological nitrogen removal process, but its implementation in mainstream wastewater treatment plants is limited by its relatively high optimal temperature (30 °C). Recently, it was shown that during short-term batch experiments, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) displayed accelerated reaction activity at low temperatures (10-15 °C). In this study, the long-term effects of RGO on the low-temperature anammox process in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), are studied for the first time, including different methods of interaction.

Short-term effects of reduced graphene oxide on the anammox biomass activity at low temperatures.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an efficient process for nitrogen removal from wastewater, but its common use is limited by its relatively high optimal temperature (30 °C). One of the major bottlenecks of the implementation of mainstream PN/A process is the low activity of the anammox bacteria at low temperature. Due to this reason over the past years, numerous researchers have attempted to overcome this limitation.

Significance of pH control in anammox process performance at low temperature.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an efficient process for biological nitrogen removal from wastewater. Common use of this technology is still limited by relatively high optimal temperature. Temperature and pH influence on the anammox process was widely studied, but the significance of pH control in the anammox performance at low temperature was omitted.

Influence of temperature and pH on the anammox process: A review and meta-analysis.

The anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process was considered a very efficient and economic wastewater treatment technology immediately after its discovery in 1995, thus research in this field was intensified. The anammox process is characterised by a high temperature optimum and is very sensitive to both temperature and pH fluctuations. The process can also be inhibited by many factors, including by its substrates, i.