The Genoprotective Role of Naringin.

Since ancient times, fruits and edible plants have played a special role in the human diet for enhancing health and maintaining youthfulness. The aim of our work was to determine the interactions between naringin, a natural ingredient of grapefruits, and DNA using an electrochemical biosensor. Electrochemical methods allow analyzing the damages occurring in the structure of nucleic acids and their interactions with xenobiotics.

Detection of bar gene encoding phosphinothricin herbicide resistance in plants by electrochemical biosensor.

An electrochemical biosensor for the detection of bar gene coding phosphinothricin herbicide resistance is presented. The detection was based on hybridization reaction between the specific to bar gene 19-mer probe immobilized on the electrode surface and complementary DNA in a sample. Single-stranded DNA probe specific to bar gene was covalently attached by 5'-phosphate end to the surface of carbon paste electrode.

Application of DNA Hybridization Biosensor as a Screening Method for the Detection of Genetically Modified Food Components.

An electrochemical biosensor for the detection of genetically modified food components is presented. The biosensor was based on 21-mer single-stranded oligonucleotide (ssDNA probe) specific to either 35S promoter or nos terminator, which are frequently present in transgenic DNA cassettes. ssDNA probe was covalently attached by 5'-phosphate end to amino group of cysteamine self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold electrode surface with the use of activating reagents - water soluble 1-ethyl-3(3'- dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxy-sulfosuccinimide (NHS).