The Acute, Short-, and Long-Term Effects of Endurance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Profiles.

A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise is fundamentally important to take full advantage of the enormous benefits that exercise training offers in disease prevention and therapy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptional signatures that distinguish the endurance-trained and untrained muscles in young adult males (24 ± 3.5 years).

Effects of Live and Heat-Inactivated Strains and Their Supernatants on Immune Regulation in HT-29 Cells.

Probiotics are considered to have a beneficial impact on humans, but in some cases, administration of live microorganisms might be risky. In the present study, immunomodulatory effects of different strains and their super-natants were examined under different inflammatory conditions with living and heat-inactivated strains. HT-29 cells were incubated with strains (S2-G1, S2-G3, S2-G4 and S2-G8) and their supernatants with or without stimulation with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin (IL)-1β.

Effects of Acute Endurance Exercise on Plasma Protein Profiles of Endurance-Trained and Untrained Individuals over Time.

Acute physical exercise and repeated exercise stimuli affect whole-body metabolic and immunologic homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine plasma protein profiles of trained (EET, n = 19) and untrained (SED, n = 17) individuals at rest and in response to an acute bout of endurance exercise. Participants completed a bicycle exercise test at an intensity corresponding to 80% of their VO2max.

Basal and exercise induced label-free quantitative protein profiling of m. vastus lateralis in trained and untrained individuals.

Unlabelled: Morphological and metabolic adaptations of the human skeletal muscle to exercise are crucial to improve performance and prevent chronic diseases and metabolic disorders. In this study we investigated human skeletal muscle protein composition in endurance trained (ET) versus untrained individuals (UT) and its modulation by an acute bout of endurance exercise. Participants were recruited based on their VO2max and subjected to a bicycle exercise test.

Neutrophils release extracellular DNA traps in response to exercise.

Intense exercise evokes a rapid and transient increase in circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA), a phenomenon that is commonly observed in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. In this study, we aimed to shed new light on the release and clearance mechanisms of cf-DNA in response to exercise. We hypothesized that activated neutrophils may primarily contribute to exercise-evoked cf-DNA levels by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).