exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, micro-RNA profiles, and fetal growth: a pilot study protocol.

The developing fetus is particularly vulnerable to the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Molecular fingerprints of EDCs can be identified via microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and may be etiologically implicated in the developmental origin of disease (DOHaD). This pilot study includes pregnant women at high risk (smoking at conception), and low risk (non-smoking at conception) for SGA birth (birthweight<10 percentile for gestational age).

Is vaginal breech delivery associated with higher risk for perinatal death and cerebral palsy compared with vaginal cephalic birth? Registry-based cohort study in Norway.

Objective: This paper aims to study if vaginal breech delivery is associated with increased risk for neonatal mortality (NNM) or cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway where vaginal delivery accounts for 1/3 of all breech deliveries.

Design: Cohort study using information from the national Medical BirthRegister and Cerebral Palsy Register.

Setting: Births in Norway 1999-2009.

Associations of Maternal Vitamin B12 Concentration in Pregnancy With the Risks of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data.

Vitamin B12 (hereafter referred to as B12) deficiency in pregnancy is prevalent and has been associated with both lower birth weight (birth weight <2,500 g) and preterm birth (length of gestation <37 weeks). Nevertheless, current evidence is contradictory. We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of individual participant data to evaluate the associations of maternal serum or plasma B12 concentrations in pregnancy with offspring birth weight and length of gestation.

Folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia, small for gestational age offspring and preterm delivery.

Objective: To assess whether folic acid intake during the first trimester of pregnancy is related to pregnancy outcomes preeclampsia, low birth weight or preterm birth.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study of 3647 women who were followed from the first trimester of pregnancy. Detailed information on quantity of folic acid intake before and during the first three months of pregnancy was recorded.

Metformin's effect on first-year weight gain: a follow-up study.

Background: The impact of metformin medication in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome on weight gain during pregnancy and after delivery and the impact on growth of the offspring are essentially unexplored.

Methods: This is a follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial (The Metformin treatment in pregnant PCOS women study), conducted in 11 secondary care centers. Women with PCOS were randomized to metformin (2000 mg daily) or placebo from first trimester to delivery.

Being born small for gestational age reduces white matter integrity in adulthood: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Being born small for gestational age (SGA) (birth weight <10th percentile) is connected to decreased white matter (WM) integrity in newborns and increased prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in adulthood. The aims of this study were to investigate whether being born SGA at term affects WM integrity in young adulthood and to explore possible relationships between fractional anisotropy (FA) and pre- and perinatal factors and cognitive and psychiatric outcomes in adulthood in SGA and controls.

Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics were conducted to test for voxelwise differences in FA in SGAs (n = 46) and controls (n = 57) at 18-22 y.

Folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy and asthma in children aged 6 years.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess whether folic acid intake during the first trimester of pregnancy is related to asthma in the offspring by the age of 6 years.

Study Design: This was a prospective cohort study of 1499 women who were followed up from the first trimester of pregnancy. Their children were followed up until they were 6 years old.