Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease presenting secondary to a post-infectious autoimmune response.

Purpose: To report a rare case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease likely secondary to post-infectious autoimmune response in a 14-year-old Hispanic female.

Observations: On presentation, visual acuity was 20/400 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. The patient also had bilateral hyperemia, subretinal fluid, and vitreous cell graded at 1+.

Choroidal Morphology and Vascular Analysis in Eyes With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background And Objective: To describe morphology and vascular layer thickness of the choroid in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of 15 eyes with neovascular AMD and 11 healthy age-matched eyes that underwent single horizontal, high-definition raster line imaging using high-definition SD-OCT. Two independent graders assessed choroid morphology and measured the thickness of individual vascular layers of the choroid beneath the fovea.

Subretinal Fluid Associated With MEK Inhibitor Use in the Treatment of Systemic Cancer.

Importance: The use of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) inhibitors has become more common in the treatment of systemic cancer. These agents have been associated with a central serous-like retinopathy in some patients. Recognition of such retinal findings and the relatively benign nature of these events is important to avoid unnecessary intervention, including the cessation of a potentially life-prolonging medication.

Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Myopia, Infection and Inflammation.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a significant cause of vision loss in all age groups. The most common cause of CNV is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, CNV can also occur as a secondary manifestation of various inherited and acquired conditions, including pathologic myopia, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, angioid streaks, and various hereditary, traumatic or inflammatory disorders.

Diabetic Macular Edema: Is Your Patient Going Blind?

Screening for diabetic macular edema and controlling systemic risk factors are critical steps for optimizing vision and quality of life in patients with diabetes.

Initial utilization of aflibercept in exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Intravitreal aflibercept, a fusion protein with high affinity for vascular endothelial growth factor, offers an alternative treatment for exudative age-related macular degeneration. Preclinical studies and early and late phase clinical trials suggest that aflibercept's high binding affinity may impart greater durability of activity and increased efficacy compared to ranibizumab or bevacizumab.

Methods: A total of 266 eyes of 249 patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration who received aflibercept after treatment with bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab were included in a retrospective review.

Effect of the degree of reverse Trendelenburg position on intraocular pressure during prone spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background Context: Postoperative vision loss complicates an estimated 1 in 1,100 prone spine surgical cases. This complication has been attributed to ischemic optic neuropathy, with one proposed reason being perioperative elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP). Previous research has studied the effects of table inclination on IOP in awake volunteers; however, the effects in spine surgery patients have not been investigated for reverse Trendelenburg positioning using a prospective, randomized controlled study design.

Residency training in refractive surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate resident refractive surgery caseload and surgical outcomes in an academic medical center.

Setting: Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Design: Comparative case study.