End-to-side neurorrhaphy in the reconstruction of peripheral segmental neural loss: an experimental study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects on peripheral neural regeneration of the end-to-side embracing repair technique compared to the autograft repair technique in Wistar rats.

Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups with five animals each: denervated group (GD), autograft group (GA), and embracing group (EG). For the evaluation, the grasping test, electroneuromyography (ENMG), and muscle weight assessment were used.

Lipectomy as an alternative for superficialization of autologous AVF in obese patients: experience of a referral center in Amazon.

Background: The preferred vascular access for hemodialysis is a native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) because it offers the best results in the short and long terms, lower morbidity and mortality, and has additional advantages in relation to central venous catheters or arteriovenous grafts. However, obesity can present an additional challenge because of the barrier of subcutaneous cellular tissue covering the surface of the vein to be punctured.

Objectives: The authors review their experience with excision of subcutaneous tissue (lipectomy) overlying upper arm cephalic vein arteriovenous fistulas in obese patients.

Prognostic factors for femoropopliteal vascular injuries: surgical decisions matter.

Background: Lower limbs are frequently involved in vascular trauma, but it is still not clear which factors lead to unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Objectives: To determine the clinical profile of patients with femoropopliteal injuries, the trauma mechanisms, and treatment and identify which factors led to unfavorable outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study based on the medical records of patients treated from 2017 to 2021.

Incidental cardiovascular findings on chest CT scans requested for suspected COVID-19.

Background: Computed tomography scans of the chest are often requested as a complementary examination to investigate a clinical suspicion of pulmonary disease caused by the novel coronavirus 19 (COVID-19).

Objectives: Our objective was to analyze the prevalence of incidental cardiovascular findings on chest CT scans requested to assess radiological signs suggestive of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study reviewed 1,444 chest tomographies conducted in the Radiology department of the Hospital de Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, from March 1 to July 30, 2020, describing the prevalence of images suggestive of viral pneumonia by COVID-19 and incidental pulmonary and cardiovascular findings.

Age and sex and their influence on the anatomy of the abdominal aorta and its branches.

Background: It is not clear how patients' age and sex influence the anatomy of the aorta and its branches.

Objectives: To determine the most frequent anatomical patterns of diameter and angulation of the abdominal aorta and its branches and the influence of patients' sex and age on these patterns.

Methods: CT scans with intravenous contrast from 157 patients were analyzed.

Demographic and socioeconomic profiles of patients admitted with diabetic foot complications in a tertiary hospital in Belem - Para.

Objective: to assess the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belem-PA, Brazil, as well as to evaluate risk factors for lower limb amputations in such patients, classifying them according to the Wagner and PEDIS classifications.

Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric, and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire.

Results: the study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.

Prior exercise protects against oxidative stress and motor deficit in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

This study investigated if a prior long-term physical exercise protocol protects the substantia nigra and the striatum against oxidative stress and motor deficits in a Parkinson Disease model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. Three animal treatment groups were included in the study: sham; 6-hydroxydopamine and 6-hydroxydopamine/exercise. Previously to the intrastriatal lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine, rats in the exercise groups performed a swimming program for 18 weeks.

The use of computed tomography for penetrating heart injury screening.

Objective: to determine if computed tomography represents a safe option for penetrating heart injury screening.

Methods: retrospective transversal study which confronted tomographic findings with the ones detected in surgical exploration in patients that had undergone surgery because of suspected cardiac trauma from January, 2016 to January, 2018.

Results: seventy-two cases were analysed; 97.

Vascular trauma in the Amazon: updating the challenge.

Objective: to evaluate the epidemiological data of patients operated on due to vascular trauma at a referral hospital in Pará state, to determine the variables that increase the risk of death, and to make a comparative analysis with the results previously published by the same institution.

Methods: an analytical retrospective study was performed through data collection from patients operated due to vascular injuries, between March 2013 and March 2017. Demographic and epidemiological data, such as the mechanism and topography of the lesion, distance between the trauma site and the hospital, and type of treatment and complications, were analyzed.

Venous Shunt Versus Venous Ligation for Vascular Damage Control: The Immunohistochemical Evidence.

Background: To evaluate the expression of immunohistochemical markers of tissue ischemia (iNOS, eNOS, and HSP70) in a vascular damage control experimental model to determine if a venous temporary vascular shunt insertion leads to a better limb perfusion when compared with the ligature of the injured vein.

Methods: Experimental study in male Sus Scrofa weighting 40 Kg. Animals were distributed into 5 groups: group 1 animals were submitted to right external iliac artery (EIA) shunting and right external iliac vein (EIV) ligation; group 2 animals were submitted to right EIA shunting and right EIV shunting; group 3 animals were submitted to right EIV ligation; group 4 animals were submitted to right EIV shunting; group 5 animals were not submitted to vascular shunting or venous ligation.

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Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are the most common. The annual incidence of AAA rupture is eight cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Incidental detection can benefit patients if diameter is monitored and the correct treatment provided.

Vascular trauma in the Amazon - the challenge of great distances.

Objective: to evaluate the incidence of unfavorable outcomes in vascular trauma patients and their possible correlation to the distance between the city where the injury was sustained and the hospital where the patient received definitive treatment.

Methods: descriptive and retrospective study. Data were collected from medical records of patients submitted to surgical procedures for arterial or venous injuries from February 2011 to February 2013 at the only trauma center providing vascular surgery in a vast area of the Amazon region.

To shunt or not to shunt? An experimental study comparing temporary vascular shunts and venous ligation as damage control techniques for vascular trauma.

Background: To evaluate vascular flow through temporary vascular shunts inserted into peripheral arteries and veins and the repercussion, on the arterial perfusion, of venous ligation and venous shunt insertion in an experimental model for damage control.

Methods: Experimental study in pigs. Animals were distributed in 5 groups: group 1, right external iliac artery (EIA) shunting and right external iliac vein (EIV) ligation; group 2, right EIA shunting and right EIV shunting; group 3, right EIV ligation; group 4, right EIV shunting; group 5, no vascular shunting and no venous ligation.