Validation of the Safety and Efficacy of Apixaban as Postoperative Thromboembolism Prophylaxis for Patients with Gynecologic Malignancies.

Background: Venous thromboembolism is a preventable complication of gynecologic cancer surgery that leads to postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study compared apixaban with enoxaparin to identify whether apixaban had the same safety and efficacy for patients undergoing gynecologic cancer surgery.

Methods: The study identified patients with a gynecologic malignancy who underwent surgery and were prescribed apixaban at discharge between June 2020 and April 2023.

Combination CDC-like kinase inhibition (CLK)/Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) and taxane therapy in -mutated endometrial cancer.

SM08502 (cirtuvivint) is a novel pan CDC-like kinase (CLK) and Dual specificity tyrosine kinase (DYRK) inhibitor that targets mRNA splicing and is optimized for Wnt pathway inhibition. Previous evaluation of single agent CLK/DYRK inhibition (SM04690) demonstrated inhibition of tumor progression and β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in -mutant endometrial cancer (EC). analysis of SM08502 similarly decreases Wnt transcriptional activity and cellular proliferation while increasing cellular apoptosis.

Utilizing preoperative arterial embolization to minimize blood loss at time of vulvar sarcoma resection: A case report.

Selective arterial embolization has long been utilized in the field of obstetrics and gynecology as both a prophylactic and therapeutic measure. We present a case of a highly vascularized, poorly differentiated, radiation-related vulvar sarcoma that was resected immediately following selective arterial embolization. Arterial embolization in patients with gynecologic malignancies has been shown to compromise blood supply to the tumor and decrease the risk of hemorrhage and related surgical complications.

Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, gastric-type (GAS): a review of the literature focused on pathology and multimodality imaging.

Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, gastric-type (GAS) is a rare, well-differentiated subtype of HPV-independent endocervical adenocarcinoma. It classically arises in middle-aged women with symptoms, including profuse watery vaginal discharge and abnormal uterine bleeding. Given the rarity of this disease, misdiagnosis is common and prognosis remains poorly defined.

Clinicopathologic Evaluation of CTNNB1 Mutations in High-Intermediate Risk Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma.

CTNNB1 mutations convey increased risk of recurrence in low-risk endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC). Results from previous high-intermediate risk (HIR) cohorts are mixed. The aims of this study were to correlate CTNNB1 mutational status with clinical outcomes and to evaluate the relationship between CTNNB1 mutations and the 4 prognostic subgroups defined by The Cancer Genome Atlas in HIR EEC.

Assessing Inequities in Cervical Cancer Quality of Care and Survival Related to Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Factors.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect that race and socioeconomic factors have on the provision of care to cervical cancer patients based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommended treatment guidelines.

Materials And Methods: To do this, we completed a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeon's Nation Cancer Database from 2004 to 2016. We identified all reported cases of cervical cancer in that period.

Inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin in CTNNB1-mutated endometrial cancer.

The role of β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in endometrial cancer (EC) recurrence is not well understood. We assessed the impact of Wnt/β-catenin inhibition in EC models. In an analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas, we confirmed that CTNNB1 mutations are enriched in recurrent low-risk EC and showed that aberrant Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation is associated with recurrence.

WNT4 Balances Development vs Disease in Gynecologic Tissues and Women's Health.

The WNT family of proteins is crucial in numerous developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis. WNT4, in particular, is uniquely implicated in the development of the female phenotype in the fetus, and in the maintenance of müllerian and reproductive tissues. WNT4 dysfunction or dysregulation can drive sex-reversal syndromes, highlighting the key role of WNT4 in sex determination.

Can we safely forgo hysterectomy in non-fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors?

Forgoing hysterectomy as part of borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) staging is considered appropriate for fertility preservation. We evaluated whether forgoing hysterectomy may also be acceptable in non-fertility-sparing surgery by evaluating the frequency of uterine involvement and the rate of recurrence involving the uterus. A review of all BOTs at one institution over ten years (2009-2019) was performed.

The Capacity of the Ovarian Cancer Tumor Microenvironment to Integrate Inflammation Signaling Conveys a Shorter Disease-free Interval.

Purpose: Ovarian cancer has one of the highest deaths to incidence ratios across all cancers. Initial chemotherapy is effective, but most patients develop chemoresistant disease. Mechanisms driving clinical chemo-response or -resistance are not well-understood.

Wnt Signaling in Gynecologic Malignancies.

Gynecologic malignancies, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer, affect hundreds of thousands of women worldwide every year. Wnt signaling, specifically Wnt/β-catenin signaling, has been found to play an essential role in many oncogenic processes in gynecologic malignancies, including tumorigenesis, metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance. As such, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has the potential to be a target for effective treatment, improving patient outcomes.

Clinical presentation of brain metastases from endometrial carcinoma: A case series.

Brain metastases from endometrial carcinoma are rare, however they do occur, and they are associated with an especially poor prognosis. There is evidence demonstrating improved outcomes with early diagnosis and subsequent multimodal treatment. This study therefore aims to review cases of brain metastases from endometrial carcinoma with specific focus on clinical presentation and disease history.

Molecular markers in recurrent stage I, grade 1 endometrioid endometrial cancers.

Objectives: Stage I, grade 1 endometrial cancers have low recurrence rates and often do not receive adjuvant therapy. We compared recurrent cases to matched non-recurrent controls to evaluate for molecular markers associated with higher risk of recurrence.

Methods: A case-control study including all cases of recurrent stage I, grade 1 endometrioid endometrial cancer at one institution in a ten-year period.

Evidence for integration of palliative care into surgical oncology practice and education.

High-quality data support multiple clinical benefits of integrating palliative care into routine oncology care. Though these data come largely from the medical oncology literature, data from surgical oncology populations support similar associations between palliative care integration and improved clinical outcomes, all without compromise in survival. This paper will review data supporting palliative care integration into oncology care, with a focus on surgical populations and recommendations for incorporating palliative care into surgical oncology.

Radiation therapy is not an independent risk factor for decreased sexual function in women with gynecologic cancers.

Aim: To evaluate the associations of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (IB) with decreased sexual function.

Background: There's inconsistent evidence on whether radiation for gynecologic cancers has an impact on sexual health. IB, an underutilized treatment modality, is thought to have less adverse effects than EBRT.

An Evaluation of Frozen Section and Lymph Node Dissection Results for Mucinous Ovarian Tumors.

Objectives: Intraoperative frozen section has greater than 90% accuracy for ovarian tumors; however, mucinous histology has been shown to be associated with increased frozen section inaccuracy. Recent data demonstrate that primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas have no lymph node involvement, even when extraovarian disease is present, and therefore may not require lymph node dissection. Our primary objective is to evaluate the accuracy of identifying mucinous histology on frozen section.