Racial and ethnic discrimination and DSM-5 substance use disorders among U.S. adults.

Objective: Racial and ethnic discrimination is a risk factor for substance use among United States adults. However, whether discrimination is associated with substance use disorders (SUDs) overall and by race and ethnicity is less understood.

Methods: We used data from the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (n=35,355) and defined past-year discrimination as a summary scale (range: 0-4).

Barriers and facilitators to the use of medication for opioid use disorder within the criminal justice system: Perspectives from clinicians.

Introduction: This study examines social service clinicians' (SSCs) perspectives of factors within the criminal justice system that impact justice-involved individuals' use of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Opioid use disorder (OUD) rates are high among justice-involved individuals, and overdose risk is heightened upon release from incarceration. This study is innovative, as it specifically focuses on criminal justice contexts that influence the MOUD continuum of care from the perspective of clinicians working within the criminal justice system.

Worth the risk? Gun carrying and perceived criminal justice responses in Baltimore.

Introduction: Policing strategies to deter illegal gun carrying by high-risk people are associated with reductions in gun violence. Many factors influence decisions to use or carry a gun in public, but it is unclear whether perceptions of the criminal justice system's response influence those decisions.

Methods: We used a 2016 cross-sectional survey of criminal justice system-involved men in Baltimore City (n=195) to assess their recent frequency of gun carrying and perceptions of criminal justice system responses.

Evaluation of a Crisis Intervention Team Pilot Program: Results from Baltimore, MD.

The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) program was developed as a resource on which police officers could rely when responding to behavioral health calls for service. Baltimore Police Department (BPD) piloted the CIT program in its Central District to address concerns regarding officer attitudes toward and treatment of persons experiencing behavioral health crises. This study used mixed methods to evaluate the effect of the CIT pilot on BPD officer attitudes regarding persons with mental illness and confidence managing behavioral health calls for service.