Myocardial infarct size-limiting and anti-arrhythmic effects of mildronate orotate in the rat heart.

Purpose: Mildronate and orotic acid act as modulators of energy metabolism and are considered as cardioprotective agents. This study was performed to compare the cardioprotective effects of mildronate, orotic acid and mildronate orotate.

Methods: Male Wistar rats received mildronate, orotic acid or mildronate orotate for 14 days.

Silacyclic derivatives of heteroaromatic sulfides as selective cholesterol level lowering and vasodilating agents.

Silacyclic derivatives of heteroaromatic sulfides have been prepared by using phase transfer catalytic (PTC) system thiol / silacyclopropyl iodide / solid K(2)CO(3) / 18-crown-6 / toluene. The target sulfides were isolated in yields up to 70 %. The S-derivatives of N-methylimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl and 1,3,4-triazolyl thiols selectively lowered the low density lipoprotein (LDL) level in mice with the high cholesterol diet in nutrition.

Crataegus special extract WS 1442 improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size in a rat model of prolonged coronary ischemia and reperfusion.

In Germany, hydroalcoholic extracts from hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) leaves with flowers are approved drugs for the treatment of mild forms of heart insufficiency. Besides cardiotonic effects these herbal remedies have been shown to possess cardioprotective properties.

The novel guanidine ME10092 protects the heart during ischemia-reperfusion.

The novel guanidine N-(3,4-dimethoxy-2-chlorobenzylideneamino)-guanidine [ME10092; a metabolite to the strongly cardioprotective hydroxyguanidine N-(3,4-dimethoxy-2-chlorobenzylideneamino)-N'-hydroxyguanidine (PR5)] was administered intravenously to rats subjected to left coronary artery clamping followed by reperfusion. Administration of 1-10 mg/kg of ME10092 1 or 5 min before 10 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 20 min reperfusion significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the reperfusion-induced burst of arrhythmia, and markedly improved the survival of the animals. This dose schedule also dose-dependently and significantly inhibited the ST-segment elevation seen on the ECG during the artery occlusion, and attenuated the secondary rise in ST-segment during the reperfusion.