Activation of Nod2 signaling upon norovirus infection enhances antiviral immunity and susceptibility to colitis.

Over 90% of epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis are caused by human noroviruses (NoVs), which persist in a substantial subset of people allowing their spread worldwide. This has led to a significant number of endemic cases and up to 70,000 children deaths in developing countries. NoVs are primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route.

Safe and easy in vitro evaluation of tmRNA-SmpB-mediated -translation from ESKAPE pathogenic bacteria.

In bacteria, -translation is the major quality control system for rescuing stalled ribosomes. It is mediated by tmRNA, a hybrid RNA with properties of both a tRNA and a mRNA, and the small protein SmpB. Because -translation is absent in eukaryotes but necessary for bacterial fitness or survival, it is a promising target for the development of novel antibiotics.

Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives for development as broad-spectrum antibiotics.

The reality and intensity of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria calls for the rapid development of new antimicrobial drugs. In bacteria, trans-translation is the primary quality control mechanism for rescuing ribosomes arrested during translation. Because trans-translation is absent in eukaryotes but necessary to avoid ribosomal stalling and therefore essential for bacterial survival, it is a promising target either for novel antibiotics or for improving the activities of the protein synthesis inhibitors already in use.

The human NAIP-NLRC4-inflammasome senses the Pseudomonas aeruginosa T3SS inner-rod protein.

While NLRC4-dependent sensing of intracellular Gram-negative pathogens such as Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a beneficial host response, NLRC4-dependent sensing of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type 3 secretion system (T3SS) has been shown to be involved in pathogenicity. In mice, different pathogen-associated microbial patterns are sensed by the combination of the NLRC4-inflammasome with different neuronal apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIPs). NAIP2 is involved in sensing PscI, an inner-rod protein of the P.

Tryptophan catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and potential for inter-kingdom relationship.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is a Gram-negative bacteria frequently involved in healthcare-associated pneumonia with poor clinical outcome. To face the announced post-antibiotic era due to increasing resistance and lack of new antibiotics, new treatment strategies have to be developed. Immunomodulation of the host response involved in outcome could be an alternative therapeutic target in Pa-induced lung infection.

Protective role of murine norovirus against Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute pneumonia.

The murine norovirus (MNV) is a recently discovered mouse pathogen, representing the most common contaminant in laboratory mouse colonies. Nevertheless, the effects of MNV infection on biomedical research are still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that MNV infection could alter immune response in mice with acute lung infection.

Antiadhesive properties of glycoclusters against Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections are a major cause of death in cystic fibrosis and hospitalized patients. Treating these infections is becoming difficult due to the emergence of conventional antimicrobial multiresistance. While monosaccharides have proved beneficial against such bacterial lung infection, the design of several multivalent glycosylated macromolecules has been shown to be also beneficial on biofilm dispersion.

Antimicrobial activities of isothiocyanates against Campylobacter jejuni isolates.

Food-borne human infection with Campylobacter jejuni is a medical concern in both industrialized and developing countries. Efficient eradication of C. jejuni reservoirs within live animals and processed foods is limited by the development of antimicrobial resistances and by practical problems related to the use of conventional antibiotics in food processes.