Impact of Glutathione Modulation on Stability and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Redox-Sensitive Nanogels.

Nanoparticles degradable upon external stimuli combine pharmacokinetic features of both small molecules as well as large nanoparticles. However, despite promising preclinical results, several redox responsive disulphide-linked nanoparticles failed in clinical translation, mainly due to their unexpected in vivo behavior. Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most evaluated antioxidants responsible for disulfide degradation.

Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques by blockade of macrophage migration inhibitory factor after vascular injury in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a cytokine that controls cell-mediated inflammatory responses, is upregulated in atherogenesis; however, its functional contribution to lesion development has not been evaluated.

Methods And Results: We studied the role of MIF on neointima lesion formation after wire-induced injury of carotid arteries in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that MIF expression was detectable in endothelial cells before injury and upregulated in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) 24 hours after endothelial denudation.