Vancomycin Soaking to Reduce Intraoperative Contamination by During the Latarjet Procedure.

Background: Postoperative infection after the Latarjet procedure, ranging from 1% to 6%, can compromise the functional outcome of young athletes. is a main pathogen as a consequence of an intraoperative contamination.

Purpose: To evaluate intraoperative contamination with and the effectiveness of the local application of vancomycin during the Latarjet procedure.

Co-Infection and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Considering virus-related and drug-induced immunocompromised status of critically ill COVID-19 patients, we hypothesize that these patients would more frequently develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) than patients with ARDS from other viral causes. We conducted a retrospective observational study in two intensive care units (ICUs) from France, between 2017 and 2020. We compared bacterial co-infection at ICU admission and throughout the disease course of two retrospective longitudinally sampled groups of critically ill patients, who were admitted to ICU for either H1N1 or SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection and depicted moderate-to-severe ARDS criteria upon admission.

Screening for β-lactam resistance by penicillin G in the Streptococcus anginosus group challenged by rare strains with altered PBPs.

Background: Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) strains are common pathogens causing abscesses and bacteraemia. They are generally susceptible to β-lactams, which constitute first-line treatment. EUCAST recommends testing penicillin G susceptibility to screen for β-lactam resistance.

Outcome of community- versus hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infections in intensive care unit: a retrospective study.

Background: To compare patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery for community-acquired intra-abdominal infection (CA-IAI) and hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infection (HA-IAI) in terms of mortality, severity and complications.

Methods: Retrospective study including all patients admitted to 2 ICUs within 48 h of undergoing surgery for peritonitis.

Results: Two hundred twenty-six patients were enrolled during the study period.

Risk factors for acquisition of carbapenem-resistance during treatment with carbapenem in the intensive care unit: a prospective study.

The emergence of carbapenemases in gram-negative aerobes is worrying. The aim of this prospective study was to estimate the incidence of acquisition of carbapenem-resistance during treatment in ICU and to identify the risk factors. This was a prospective, observational, cohort study.

Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance: We Always Need New Antibacterials but for Right Bacteria.

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is frightening, especially resistance in Gram-negative Bacteria (GNB). In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of 12 bacteria that represent a threat to human health, and among these, a majority of GNB. Antibiotic resistance is a complex and relatively old phenomenon that is the consequence of several factors.

Risk factors and the resistance mechanisms involved in mutation in critically ill patients.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the main risk factors of mutation as well as the mechanisms of acquired resistance.

Methods: We conducted a 2-year prospective study in patients who were carriers of a strain and who had been admitted to a medical/surgical ICU.

Results: Of the 153 patients who were included, 34 had a mutation in their strain.

Efficacy of teicoplanin monotherapy following initial standard therapy in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Teicoplanin is often used in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis as a relay in case of penicillin side effects, or in outpatients. We assessed the efficacy of teicoplanin used as continuation therapy after initial standard treatment of E. faecalis endocarditis.

The CRIOAc healthcare network in France: A nationwide Health Ministry program to improve the management of bone and joint infection.

Background: Bone and joint infections (BJIs) have a major clinical and economic impact in industrialized countries. Its management requires a multidisciplinary approach, and a great experience for the most complicated cases to limit treatment failure, motor disability and amputation risk. To our best knowledge there is not currently national specific organization dedicated to manage BJI.

Enhanced culture recovery of Campylobacter with modified Cary-Blair medium: A practical field experience.

Modified Cary-Blair medium derived devices have been implemented in many laboratories to optimize culture recovery of common bacterial enteric pathogens. Our analysis constitutes the first report of routine laboratory experience supporting the idea that the use of such devices enhances Campylobacter recovery from stools.

Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: finite treatment duration unlikely.

Background & Aims: Information regarding long-term HBsAg kinetics during treatment with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues is limited. The aim of the present study was to assess whether finite nucleoside/nucleotide analogue treatment duration could be envisaged during the patient's lifetime.

Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving different schedules of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues were followed for a median duration of 102 months, i.

Performances of the Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for rapid identification of bacteria in routine clinical microbiology.

Rapid and cost-effective matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)-based systems will replace conventional phenotypic methods for routine identification of bacteria. We report here the first evaluation of the new MALDI-TOF MS-based Vitek MS system in a large clinical microbiology laboratory. This system uses an original spectrum classifier algorithm and a specific database designed for the identification of clinically relevant species.

Nanoscale effects of antibiotics on P. aeruginosa.

Unlabelled: Studying living bacteria at the nanoscale in their native liquid environment opens an unexplored landscape. We focus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and demonstrate how the cell wall is biophysically affected at the nanoscale by two reference antibiotics (ticarcillin and tobramycin). The elasticity of the cells drops dramatically after treatment (from 263 ± 70 kPa to 50 ± 18 and 24 ± 4 kPa, respectively on ticarcillin- and tobramycin-treated bacteria) and major micro- and nano-morphological modifications are observed (the surface roughness of native, ticarcillin- and tobramycin-treated bacteria are respectively 2.

QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube as help for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a French pediatric hospital.

The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is difficult in children. The pediatricians are waiting for new and rapid tests that are easy to realize and that are performed better than tuberculin skin test (TST). We presented here the evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-G IT) in the Children Hospital of Nancy.

p-Guanidinoethyl calixarene and parent phenol derivatives exhibiting antibacterial activities. Synthesis and biological evaluation.

The tetra-para-guanidinoethyl-calix[4]arene, its distally-disubstituted ether derivatives involving 2,2'-bithiazolyl- or 2,2'-bipyridyl-methyl groups, as well as the para-guanidinoethylphenol and its analogous derivatives have been synthesized, fully characterized and evaluated as antibacterial agents towards both gram positive and gram negative reference bacteria. The simple phenolic species showed lower activity than their calixarene analogues, confirming the hypothesis that a synergistic effect should result from the spatial organization of guanidinium and heterocycles on a macrocyclic scaffold. Introduction of the bithiazole and bipyridine substituents enhanced the activity of simple phenol derivatives, reaching, for the two Staphylococcus aureus strains in particular, the values obtained for their calixarenic parents.

Ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids: antibacterial spectra and selectivity indexes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid (OA) and betulinic acid (BA), three hydroxyl pentacyclic triterpenoic acids (HPTAs) naturally found in a large variety of vegetarian foods, medicinal herbs and plants have been investigated for antibacterial activity.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the antibacterial activity of UA, OA and BA, as well as the toxic impact on eukaryotic cells.

Materials And Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined against five reference strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 & ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), as well as five antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates.

Tetrazolium salts for MIC determination in microplates: why? Which salt to select? How?

We reported evaluation of a colorimetric MIC assessment for routine susceptibility testing of non-fastidious bacteria, with addition of growth indicators (INT and MTT). Our results made us postulate that the use of such indicators was unnecessary for MIC determination in routine microdilution method.

In vitro activity of para-guanidinoethylcalix[4]arene against susceptible and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Objectives: Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has encouraged vigorous efforts to develop antimicrobial agents with new mechanisms of action. In this study, the in vitro antibacterial activity of para-guanidinoethylcalix[4]arene was evaluated and compared with that of its constitutive monomer, para-guanidinoethylphenol. Hexamidine, a widely used antiseptic, and synthalin A, an old antidiabetic and anti-trypanosomal compound, were chosen as references.