Introduction: Progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are rare but severe diseases, with high mortality and morbidity, with no effective pharmacological treatment allowing for long-term remission, and therefore no clear therapeutic recommendations. Several ILDs present inflammatory components (ILDic), which may justify the use of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, as first-step therapy. Except for systemic sclerosis (SSc)-ILD and sarcoidosis, the evidence in favor of this approach is very weak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancements in immunotherapy in the perioperative setting have revolutionised the treatment of resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we present the methodology and results of the clinical trial CheckMate 816 demonstrating the benefit of neoadjuvant therapy with nivolumab plus chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone. Furthermore, this article discusses the implications for future practice in resectable NSCLC and the need for future research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Capmatinib is a selective MET inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in a phase II study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring METex14 mutations. However, the real-world outcomes of capmatinib are largely unknown. From June 2019, the French Early Access Program (EAP) provided capmatinib to METex14 NSCLC patients who were ineligible for or for whom first-line standard therapies had failed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsimertinib has become the standard of care for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR )-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In order to prevent or treat toxicity, the osimertinib dose may be reduced. However, data regarding the impact of dose reduction during treatment are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: NRAS mutations are observed in less than 1% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical data regarding this rare subset of lung cancer are scarce and response to systemic treatment such as chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has never been reported.
Methods: All consecutive patients with an NRAS mutated NSCLC, diagnosed between August 2014 and November 2020 in 14 French centers, were included.
Bacterial respiratory infections, either acute or chronic, are major threats to human health. Direct mucosal administration, through the airways, of therapeutic antibodies (Abs) offers a tremendous opportunity to benefit patients with respiratory infections. The mode of action of anti-infective Abs relies on pathogen neutralization and crystallizable fragment (Fc)-mediated recruitment of immune effectors to facilitate their elimination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare condition of unknown etiology. TO is characterized by submucosal nodules, with or without calcifications, protruding in the anterolateral walls of the trachea and proximal bronchi. The objective of this study was to describe TO features and associated comorbidities in a series of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The study investigated the efficacy and safety of oral vinorelbine-cisplatin (OV-CDDP) and gemcitabine-cisplatin (GEM-CDDP) in patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC).
Patients And Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, multicenter, international phase II study that enrolled untreated patients with advanced sq-NSCLC. Patients were randomized to receive 3-week cycles of either 60-80 mg/m OV days 1 and 8 in combination with 80 mg/m CDDP day 1 (arm A) or 1250 mg/m GEM days 1 and 8 in combination with 75 mg/m CDDP day 1 (arm B).
Several types of antibodies (Abs) are currently used in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Anti-angiogenic and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) Abs are the most frequent treatments used alone or with chemotherapy in metastatic NSCLC, for the front line and beyond. Considering the many therapeutic options for locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer and differences in use according to geographic area, we present here a comprehensive review of the marketed ICI and anti-angiogenic Abs approved in the European Union (EU) and the US to treat locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis
November 2020
Background: Forms of interstitial pneumonia secondary to exposure to an air-contaminant are varied and so far, insufficiently described.
Objectives/methods: We report here a case of a 57-year-old patient managed in our department for the exploration of MRC grade 2 dyspnoea and interstitial pneumonia. He mentioned multiple occupational and domestic exposures such as hens' excrements, asbestos and metal particles; he also had a previous history of smoking.
Background: There are chronic forms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) that can progress to pulmonary fibrosis. There is no recommended treatment for patients whose respiratory condition continues to deteriorate in spite of antigen avoidance. Whether rituximab may be beneficial to patients with cHP is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19 includes lung infection ranging from mild pneumonia to life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Dysregulated host immune response in the lung is a key feature in ARDS pathophysiology. However, cellular actors involved in COVID-19-driven ARDS are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Lung cancer screening with low-dose chest CT (LDCT) reduces the mortality of eligible individuals. Blood signatures might act as a standalone screening tool, refine the selection of patients at risk, or help to classify undetermined nodules detected on LDCT. We previously showed that circulating tumour cells (CTCs) could be detected, using the isolation by size of epithelial tumour cell technique (ISET), long before the cancer was diagnosed radiologically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to growing antibiotic resistance, pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major threat to human health and is driving the development of novel anti-infectious agents. Preventively or curatively administered pathogen-specific therapeutic antibodies (Abs) have several advantages, including a low level of toxicity and a unique pharmacological profile. At present, most Abs against respiratory infections are administered parenterally; this may not be optimal for therapeutics that have to reach the lungs to be effective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunotherapy medications that target programmed death 1 protein (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab, are currently used in the first- or second-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancers, among other indications. However, these agents are associated with immune-related side effects, the most common of which are endocrinopathies, colitis, hepatitis, and interstitial pneumonitis. In contrast, coronary toxicities are rarely reported and remain poorly understood.
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