Partial inhibition of adipose tissue lipolysis improves glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity without alteration of fat mass.

When energy is needed, white adipose tissue (WAT) provides fatty acids (FAs) for use in peripheral tissues via stimulation of fat cell lipolysis. FAs have been postulated to play a critical role in the development of obesity-induced insulin resistance, a major risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, whether and how chronic inhibition of fat mobilization from WAT modulates insulin sensitivity remains elusive.

Determinants of human adipose tissue gene expression: impact of diet, sex, metabolic status, and cis genetic regulation.

Weight control diets favorably affect parameters of the metabolic syndrome and delay the onset of diabetic complications. The adaptations occurring in adipose tissue (AT) are likely to have a profound impact on the whole body response as AT is a key target of dietary intervention. Identification of environmental and individual factors controlling AT adaptation is therefore essential.

Impact of a mechanical massage on gene expression profile and lipid mobilization in female gluteofemoral adipose tissue.

Background: Gluteofemoral adipose tissue areas are known to be poorly metabolically reactive. Mechanical massage has previously been reported to show morphological and functional impact on this tissue. The present study was carried out to delve more deeply into the mechanistic considerations regarding the incidence of a mechanical massage technique on gene expression profile and β-adrenergic-mediated lipid mobilization in female femoral adipose tissue.

Worsening of obesity and metabolic status yields similar molecular adaptations in human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: decreased metabolism and increased immune response.

Context: It is not known whether biological differences reported between sc adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depots underlie the pathogenicity of visceral fat.

Objective: We compared SAT and VAT gene expression according to obesity, visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and presence of the metabolic syndrome.

Design: Subjects were assigned into four groups (lean, overweight, obese, and obese with metabolic syndrome).

Adipose tissue transcriptome reflects variations between subjects with continued weight loss and subjects regaining weight 6 mo after caloric restriction independent of energy intake.

Background: The mechanisms underlying body weight evolution after diet-induced weight loss are poorly understood.

Objective: We aimed to identify and characterize differences in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) transcriptome of subjects with different weight changes after energy restriction-induced weight loss during 6 mo on 4 different diets.

Design: After an 8-wk low-calorie diet (800 kcal/d), we randomly assigned weight-reduced obese subjects from 8 European countries to receive 4 diets that differed in protein and glycemic index content.