Congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated via fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion improves outcome in a middle-income country.

Objectives: A recent European randomized trial - Tracheal Occlusion To Accelerate Lung Growth - demonstrated that fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) is associated with increased postnatal survival among infants with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). However, this differs in middle-income countries such as Brazil, where abortion is illegal and neonatal intensive care is inadequate. This study evaluated the effects of FETO on improving the survival of infants with moderate-to-severe CDH in isolated and non-isolated cases.

Assessment of Human Fetuses Undergoing Acute Pain: Validation of the Fetal-7 Scale.

Improvements in fetal ultrasound have allowed for the diagnosis and treatment of fetal diseases in the uterus, often through surgery. However, little attention has been drawn to the assessment of fetal pain. To address this gap, a fetal pain scoring system, known as the Fetal-7 scale, was developed.

Differential expression of brummer and levels of TAG in different developmental stages Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), including fasted adults.

Lipid storage in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) is essential for insect life, as it enables flight, development, and reproduction. The activity of the lipase brummer (bmm) has been shown to be essential to insects' homeostasis. The objective of this study was to evaluate how bmm expression occurs in Aedes aegypti larvae and adults, and to observe TAG levels during fasting in adult females.

Larvicidal and Fungicidal Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil of Five Myrtaceae Species.

Myrtaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant botanical families, exhibiting wide diversity in the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). EOs have various biotechnological applications such as controlling the populations of organisms that negatively impact humans. This study aimed to extract EOs from Myrtaceae species, chemically characterize them, and evaluate their larvicidal and fungicidal effects.

Acaricidal activity of a 2-methoxy-clovan-9-ol rich fraction from Eugenia copacabanensis (Myrtaceae) extract on Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).

Rhipicephalus microplus (Ixodidae, canestrini, 1888) is an invasive ectoparasite of cattle which causes high economic losses in emerging countries such as Brazil. Phytochemical compounds have been tested as an alternative to synthetic acaricides due to potentially lower mammalian toxicity. This study evaluated the acaricidal activity against R.

Risk factors for shunting at 12 months following open fetal repair of spina bifida by mini-hysterotomy.

Objectives: Open spina bifida (OSB) is the most common neural tube defect. Prenatal repair reduces the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) due to hydrocephalus from 80-90% to 40-50%. We aimed to determine which variables work as risk factors for VPS at 12 months of age in our population.

Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data.

Background: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth, which is a global phenomenon, is attributable to the increased medical indications, artificial gestations, and some socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted to identify whether development and equality indices are associated with the incidence of preterm birth, specifically, spontaneous and elective preterm births.

Methods: This retrospective observational study comprised an analysis of data on live births from 2019 in Brazil and on socioeconomic indices that were derived from census information in 2017.

Sonographic evaluation of umbilical cord thickness in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies.

Objective: To develop a nomogram of the thickness of the umbilical cord (UC) and its components in monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies.

Methods: This prospective longitudinal study involved 47 MCDA twin pregnancies (94 fetuses) between 18 and 33 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound assessments of UC cross-sections and measurements of the umbilical cord area (UCA), the umbilical vein area (UVA), the umbilical artery area (UAA), and the Wharton jelly area (WJA) were made.

DC. (Myrtaceae) fruits, a new endemic Brazilian source of bioactive anthocyanins.

DC. (Myrtaceae) is a native and endemic Brazilian species, and there is no information about its chemical composition. In our study, five different anthocyanins and two other phenolic compounds were described for the first time in fruits.

Open fetal myelomeningocele repair at a university hospital: surgery and pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose: Myelomeningocele (MMC) is an open neural tube defect that causes great morbidity. Prenatal open repair is the standard treatment; however, there are many complications related to the procedure. This study reports preliminary findings of open in utero repair of MMC in a public tertiary hospital in Brazil and describes factors that could be associated with increased surgical morbidity.

The effect of the biflavonoid 2″,3″-dihydroochnaflavone on Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain.

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease which affects 8 million people in Latin America. The parasite possesses high capacity to evade host immune system and the available drugs to treat Chagas disease present low efficacy combined to serious side effects to patients. Therefore, the identification of alternative therapeutics is essential.

Encapsulation of the black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) essential oil by lactoferrin-sodium alginate complex coacervates: Structural characterization and simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

Black pepper essential oil (EO) was encapsulated by complex coacervation with lactoferrin and sodium alginate using transglutaminase as a cross-linking agent. The encapsulation efficiency varied from 31.66 to 84.

Eglerisine, a Novel Sesquiterpenoid Tropolone from Dulacia egleri with Antiproliferative Effect against an Acute Myeloid Leukemia Lineage.

Chemical investigation of the stems of resulted in the isolation of eglerisine (1: ), a compound with a rare sesquiterpenoid tropolone skeleton. Its structure was determined by analysis of spectrometric and spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR. The antiproliferative effects of eglerisine were tested in human leukemia lineages.

Microencapsulation of sacha inchi oil (Plukenetia volubilis L.) using complex coacervation: Formation and structural characterization.

In this study, sacha inchi oil (SIO) (Plukenetia volubilis L.) was microencapsulated via complex coacervation of ovalbumin (OVA) and sodium alginate (AL), and the microcapsule properties were characterized. The omega-3 content in the SIO was evaluated after in vitro gastric simulation and microencapsulation.

Performance of a Multiplex Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in Detecting 7 Pathogens Containing DNA in Their Genomes Associated With Congenital Infections.

Context.—: Infections are the leading cause of perinatal and infant mortality in low-income and low-resource countries, which have a higher prevalence of infections. Definitive diagnosis of congenital and perinatal infections is largely dependent upon the results of laboratory tests.

Antibiofilm activity of the essential oil of citronella () and its major component, geraniol, on the bacterial biofilms of .

Medicinal plants with antimicrobial action have been investigated for uses against biofilms, among which, , citronella, stands out as a promising species. The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of the essential oil of (EOCN) and geraniol on Gram-negative and positive bacteria from the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration and inhibition of biofilms. In the results, the EOCN produced a 41 mm halo on , which was susceptible with MIC values of 0.

Physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties of synthesized carboxymethyl tara gum (Caesalpinia spinosa).

Carboxymethyl tara gum (CMTG) was synthesized from the reaction between tara gum (TG) and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The modification reaction was optimized in terms of the MCA/NaOH ratio, reaction time and temperature evaluated for degree of substitution (DS). The etherification was confirmed by FTIR and C NMR spectroscopy, and it was characterized by different analyses.

Dammarane-type triterpenoids from the stem of Ziziphus glaziovii Warm. (Rhamnaceae).

Seven undescribed dammarane-type triterpenoids, together with ten known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Ziziphus glaziovii Warm (= Sarcomphalus glaziovii (Warm.) Hauenschild). The structures were fully assigned by means of uni- and bidimensional NMR and HR-ESI-MS experiments.

Antimycobacterial and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activities of Triterpenes and Alkaloids from (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wawra.

A phytochemical study of leaves and twigs of resulted in 19 compounds, including five indole alkaloids, ,,-trimethyltryptamine, lyaloside, strictosamide, strictosidine, and 5α-carboxystrictosidine; two flavonolignans, cinchonain Ia and cinchonain Ib; an iridoid, roseoside; a sugar, lawsofructose; a coumarin, scopoletin; a diterpene, phytol; three triterpenes, pomolic acid, spinosic acid, and rotungenic acid; and five steroids, sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, -sitosterol-3---d-glucoside, and -stigmasterol-3---d-glucoside. Some compounds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against and their ability to inhibit NO production by macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The compounds pomolic acid, spinosic acid, strictosidine, and 5α-carboxystrictosidine displayed antimycobacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7.

New compounds of Siolmatra brasiliensis and inhibition of in vitro protein glycation damage.

Twenty compounds were isolated from the hydroethanolic extract of the stems of Siolmatra brasiliensis, five flavonoids, two lignans, one glucosyl phytosterol, seven nor-cucurbitacins, one new phenolic derivative named siolmatrin (1) and four new dammarane-type saponins named siolmatrosides II-V (2-5), the structures of the compounds were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRESIMS of the natural compounds and some acetyl derivatives. The effects of the crude hydroethanolic extract (SbExt) and the ethyl acetate fraction (SbEtAc) of Siolmatra brasiliensis stems on the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) were also investigated. In the in vitro model system of protein glycation using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose, addition of SbExt or SbEtAc inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGEs, in parallel to minor levels of fructosamine (SbEtAc) and markers of tyrosine and tryptophan oxidation (SbExt and SbEtAc).

Immobilization of β-galactosidase by complexation: Effect of interaction on the properties of the enzyme.

In the present work, we aimed to explore the molecular binding between alginate and β-galactosidase, as well as the effect of this interaction on the activity retention, thermal stability, and kinetic properties of the enzyme. The impact of pH and enzyme/alginate ratio on physicochemical properties (turbidity, morphology, particle size distribution, ζ-potential, FTIR, and isothermal titration calorimetry) was also evaluated. The ratio of biopolymers and pH of the system directly affected the critical pH of complex formation; however, a low alginate concentration (0.

In vitro assessment of the acaricidal activity of carvacrol, thymol, eugenol and their acetylated derivatives on Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).

This study reports the comparative evaluation of the activity of carvacrol, thymol, eugenol and their respective acetylated derivatives (carvacrol acetate, thymol acetate and eugenol acetate) on Rhipicephalus microplus, to verify the possible influence of the acetate group. The acetylated derivatives were prepared from reactions of the phenolic compounds with acetic anhydride/pyridine. The formation of the products was confirmed by analysis of hydrogen and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (H and C NMR) spectra.

4'-Hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-3-methoxyflavone: A novel flavonoid from Dulacia egleri with potential inhibitory activity against cathepsins B and L.

A new flavone, 4'-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-3-methoxyflavone 1, and two other nucleosides, ribavirin 2 and adenosine 3, were isolated from the leaves of Dulacia egleri. The nucleosides were identified by spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D-NMR) while the structure of the flavonoid was established by 1D, 2D-NMR analysis, including HRESIMS data. The results obtained in the biological assays showed that the compound 1 was able to inhibit cathepsins B and L with IC of 14.