The love-shaper: role of the foetus in modulating mother-child attachment through stem cell migration to the maternal brain.

Background: Foetal PAPCs (pregnancy-associated progenitor cells) begin to cross the placenta in a scheduled manner from early pregnancy and colonise many maternal organs, both in mammals and humans, during each pregnancy. The maternal limbic system appears to be colonised with a 100% frequency when compared with other maternal organs. Once they arrive in the limbic system, foetal PAPCs differentiate into neurons and glial cells, resulting in the formation of new synapses with and among maternal neurons.

Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related Mood Disorders in Adolescents with Severe Hypovitaminosis D.

Study Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) might become severe enough to interfere with normal interpersonal relationships. This study was planned to assess whether administration of vitamin D (200,000 IU at first, followed by 25,000 IU every 2 weeks) for a 4-month period might lessen the appearance and the intensity of mood disorders associated with PMS in young girls with severe hypovitaminosis D. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: One hundred fifty-eight young girls (15-21 years old) with PMS-related severe symptoms of the emotional and cognitive domains and low serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D) levels (≤10 ng/mL) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and treated for 4 months with vitamin D (group 1; n = 80) or placebo (group 2; n = 78).