A lymph node mediastinal foreign body reaction mimicking nodal metastasis: A case series.

Introduction: In the last decades, many haemostatic substances included oxidized cellulose topically applied have been used during surgery and their use have become a common practice. Oxidized cellulose (OC) is one of the most used haemostatic substances. However, different studies have shown the persistence of OC deposits after surgical procedures that may simulate recurrent malignancies and abscesses.

Intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Rationale: Pulse glucocorticoid therapy is used in hyperinflammation related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of pulse intravenous methylprednisolone in addition to standard treatment in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 304 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were randomised to receive 1 g of methylprednisolone intravenously for three consecutive days or placebo in addition to standard dexamethasone.

Establishment and Characterization of a Novel Fibroblastic Cell Line (SCI13D) Derived from the Broncho-Alveolar Lavage of a Patient with Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by the inhalation of a variety of antigens in susceptible individuals. Patients with fibrotic HP (fHP) may show histopathological and radiological manifestations similar to patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (usual interstitial pneumonia-like pattern of fibrosis) that are associated with a worse prognosis. We describe here the establishment and characterization of a fibroblastic cell line derived from the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) of a patient with fHP, a 53 year old man who presented at our Pneumology Unit with cough and dyspnea.

Effect of Tocilizumab vs Standard Care on Clinical Worsening in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is threatening billions of people worldwide. Tocilizumab has shown promising results in retrospective studies in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with a good safety profile.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of early tocilizumab administration vs standard therapy in preventing clinical worsening in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Venous Thrombo-Embolism in Hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Patients Treated with Three Different Anticoagulation Protocols: Prospective Observational Study.

The purpose of this study is to assess thrombotic risk in CoViD-19/pneumonia patients with acute respiratory failure and to compare populations treated with three different antithrombotic prophylaxis protocols. The primary outcome is to analyze the prevalence of thrombotic events in hospitalized patients, while the secondary outcome is to analyze the correlation between different anticoagulation targets with thrombotic events. All patients referred to our hospital for acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia between 18 and 31 May 2020 were included.

Standardized Definitions of Bleeding After Transbronchial Lung Biopsy: A Delphi Consensus Statement From the Nashville Working Group.

Background: Transbronchial lung biopsies are commonly performed for a variety of indications. Although generally well tolerated, complications such as bleeding do occur. Description of bleeding severity is crucial both clinically and in research trials; to date, there is no validated scale that is widely accepted for this purpose.

Competence in transbronchial cryobiopsy.

Over the last decade transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has proven to be an "innovative application" of an "old procedure" for the histologic diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung diseases (DILDs). Thus, the technique of TBL cryobiopsy is now adopted for diagnostic purposes, transbronchially in peripheral airways to sample lung parenchyma, whereas this same technique was traditionally employed in the past for therapeutic purposes, essentially for the management of malignant obstruction of central airways. When patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) need histopathological data in their diagnostic pathway, this bioptic approach could be a valid alternative to surgical lung biopsy, that is still the gold standard at the moment.

Pneumomediastinum after transbronchial cryobiopsy.

Pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of air or gas within the mediastinum and it rarely complicates bronchoscopy. We report, to our best knowledge, the first case of pneumomediastinum following a transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBLC). TBLC is considered a safe procedure as compared with both transbronchial biopsy and surgical lung biopsy.

Gradually worsening dyspnea and dry cough in an elderly patient.

Primary tracheal chondrosarcomas are an extremely rare condition that affect adult of all ages, 24% being more that 70 years old.  The progression may be slow, with symptoms that may continue up to 72 months before diagnosis is made. The clinical manifestations, that include a combination of nonproductive cough, wheezing, and dyspnea without hemoptysis often leads to misdiagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Palliative treatment of life-threatening hemoptysis with silicone stent insertion in advanced lung cancer.

Massive hemoptysis is a stressful and life-threatening event that can occur in lung cancer patients. The management of this event is usually challenging, and can involve surgery, embolization, and bronchoscopy. Unfortunately, while surgery can offer a definitive solution to hemoptysis, lung cancer patients are often excluded from this approach.

Dieulafoy's disease of the bronchus: a possible mistake.

We present a case of a 57 year old woman who suffered from massive hemoptysis; she was sent to our Department for a suspect neoformant lesion. We assumed it might be a Dielafoy's disease and proceeded with an imaging study that confirmed the diagnosis. After embolization the patient no longer showed signs of bleeding.