Post-operative sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: risk factors for a life-threatening complication.

Introduction: Prevalence and mortality of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in intensive care units (ICU) are unacceptably high. There is scarce literature on post-operative sepsis-induced ARDS despite that sepsis and major surgery are conditions associated with ARDS. We aimed to examine the impact of post-operative sepsis-induced ARDS on 60-day mortality.

PCR-based diagnosis of respiratory virus in postsurgical septic patients: A preliminary study before SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Respiratory viruses are part of the normal microbiota of the respiratory tract, which sometimes cause infection with/without respiratory insufficiency and the need for hospital or ICU admission. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of respiratory viruses in nontransplanted postoperative septic patients as well as lymphocyte count influence in their presence and its relationship to mortality. 223 nontransplanted postsurgical septic patients were recruited on the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid prior to the SARS-COV-2 pandemic.

Hyperoxemia in postsurgical sepsis/septic shock patients is associated with reduced mortality.

Background: Despite growing interest in treatment strategies that limit oxygen exposure in ICU patients, no studies have compared conservative oxygen with standard oxygen in postsurgical patients with sepsis/septic shock, although there are indications that it may improve outcomes. It has been proven that high partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO) reduces the rate of surgical-wound infections and mortality in patients under major surgery. The aim of this study is to examine whether PaO is associated with risk of death in adult patients with sepsis/septic shock after major surgery.

CEACAM7 polymorphisms predict genetic predisposition to mortality in post-surgical septic shock patients.

We carried out a retrospective exploratory study on 173 patients who underwent major surgery and developed septic shock after surgery. Our findings suggest that CEACAM7 rs1001578, rs10409040, and rs889365 polymorphisms could influence septic shock-related death in individuals who underwent major surgery.

Distinguishing septic shock from non-septic shock in postsurgical patients using gene expression.

Objectives: To obtain a gene expression signature to distinguish between septic shock and non-septic shock in postoperative patients, since patients with both conditions show similar signs and symptoms.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes were selected by microarray analysis in the discovery cohort. These genes were evaluated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reactions in the validation cohort to determine their reliability and predictive capacity by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

HGF, IL-1α, and IL-27 Are Robust Biomarkers in Early Severity Stratification of COVID-19 Patients.

Pneumonia is the leading cause of hospital admission and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify the cytokines responsible for lung damage and mortality. We prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided them into four groups according to the severity of respiratory symptoms.

Impact of the Economic Crisis on Endocarditis Mortality in Spain: A Nationwide Study.

Economic recession has dire consequences on overall health. None have explored the impact of economic crisis (EC) on infective endocarditis (IE) mortality. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, temporal trend study analyzing mortality trends by age, sex, and adverse outcomes in patients diagnosed with IE in Spain from 1997 to 2014.

OLFM4 polymorphisms predict septic shock survival after major surgery.

Background: Higher expression of olfactomedin-4 (OLFM4), a gene regulated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), has been related to a higher risk of organ failure and death in patients with septic shock. We aimed to evaluate the association between OLFM4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and septic shock-related death in 175 patients who underwent major surgery, as well as its performance in predicting mortality.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a retrospective study.

Gene Expression Patterns Distinguish Mortality Risk in Patients with Postsurgical Shock.

Nowadays, mortality rates in intensive care units are the highest of all hospital units. However, there is not a reliable prognostic system to predict the likelihood of death in patients with postsurgical shock. Thus, the aim of the present work is to obtain a gene expression signature to distinguish the low and high risk of death in postsurgical shock patients.

Nosocomial Vs. Community-Acquired Infective Endocarditis in Spain: Location, Trends, Clinical Presentation, Etiology, and Survival in the 21st Century.

Major changes have occurred in the epidemiology and etiology of infective endocarditis (IE). Nevertheless, the differences between nosocomial infective endocarditis (NIE) and community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) have not been addressed in a population-based study. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, temporal trend study from 1997 to 2014 analyzing the epidemiology, clinical, geographical, meteorological characteristics of patients diagnosed with IE in Spain, to distinguish NIE from CIE.

The Overlooked Immune State in Candidemia: A Risk Factor for Mortality.

Lymphopenia has been related to increased mortality in septic patients. Nonetheless, the impact of lymphocyte count on candidemia mortality and prognosis has not been addressed. We conducted a retrospective study, including all admitted patients with candidemia from 2007 to 2016.

, , and Polymorphisms Predict Septic-Shock-Related Death in Patients Who Underwent Major Surgery.

Background: In many immune-related diseases, inflammatory responses and several clinical outcomes are related to increased NF-κB activity. We aimed to evaluate whether SNPs related to the NF-κB signaling pathway are associated with higher susceptibility to infection, septic shock, and septic-shock-related death in European patients who underwent major surgery.

Methods: We performed a case-control study on 184 patients with septic shock and 212 with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and a longitudinal substudy on septic shock patients.

Author Correction: Combined quantification of procalcitonin and HLA-DR improves sepsis detection in surgical patients.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Negative Postoperative Behavioral Changes in Pediatric Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate if an intraoperative cerebral regional oxygen saturation (crSO) decrease, less pronounced than 20% below baseline (the current threshold believed to be associated with cognitive dysfunction in adults), is associated with negative postoperative behavioral changes (NPOBC) in the pediatric population after noncardiac surgeries.

Study Design: A prospective observational study was conducted with 198 children aged 2-12 years old scheduled for noncardiac procedures under general anesthesia. Intraoperatively, crSO was monitored with a cerebral oximeter.

Combined quantification of procalcitonin and HLA-DR improves sepsis detection in surgical patients.

Early recognition of sepsis is a key factor to improve survival to this disease in surgical patients, since it allows prompt control of the infectious source. Combining pro-inflammatory and immunosupression biomarkers could represent a good strategy to improve sepsis detection. Here we evaluated the combination of procalcitonin (PCT) with gene expression levels of HLA-DRA to detect sepsis in a cohort of 154 surgical patients (101 with sepsis and 53 with no infection).

Impact of an ultraviolet air sterilizer on cardiac surgery patients, a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Numerous studies have evaluated the use of ultraviolet-C devices for terminal disinfection in hospitals, however, to date there is little information about the device's final impact on patients. We investigated the effect of an ultraviolet air sterilizer (UVAS) on the clinical outcomes of cardiac surgery patients.

Materials And Methods: This random, prospective and non-interventional study included 1097 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: 522 stayed in an ICU room with UVAS (Medixair) and 575 patients ICU room without UVAS and were used as a control.