Molecular alterations in the integrated diagnosis of pediatric glial and glioneuronal tumors: A single center experience.

Objectives: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the most common pediatric solid tumors, where low grade (LGG) and high grade gliomas (HGG) represent up to 55% of CNS tumors. Current molecular classification of these tumors results in a more accurate diagnosis and risk stratification, which ultimately enables individualized treatment strategies. Identifying known alterations is a suitable approach, particularly in developing countries, where NGS approaches are not easily accessible.

Comprehensive Evolutionary Analysis of Complete Epstein-Barr Virus Genomes from Argentina and Other Geographies.

The sequence variability of the Epstein-Barr virus has been extensively studied throughout previous years in isolates from various geographic regions and consequent variations at both genetic and genomic levels have been described. However, isolates from South America were underrepresented in these studies. Here, we sequenced 15 complete EBV genomes that we analyzed together with publicly available raw NGS data for 199 EBV isolates from other parts of the globe by means of a custom-built bioinformatic pipeline.

Mitochondrial bioenergetics links inflammation and cardiac contractility in endotoxemia.

There is current awareness about the central role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of cardiac dysfunction in systemic inflammatory syndromes, especially in sepsis and endotoxemia. The aim of this work was to elucidate the mechanism that governs the link between the severity of the systemic inflammatory insult and mitochondrial function, analysing the consequences on heart function, particularly in cardiac contractile state. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to low-grade endotoxemia (i.

Overexpression of survivin in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells: Characterization of protein expression and splice-variants transcription profile.

Survivin is abundantly expressed during fetal development but absent in most differentiated adult tissues; an exception being components of the immune system, such as B and T lymphocytes. Beyond acting as a master regulator of the cell cycle, survivin acts as an inhibitor of apoptosis and is overexpressed in almost all carcinoma types; however, its expression in lymphomas is lesser-explored. Survivin's role in carcinogenesis was subjected to its sub-cellular localization and splice transcripts expression, namely wild-type survivin, survivin-∆Ex3 and survivin-2B.

Sequence Variation of Epstein-Barr Virus: Viral Types, Geography, Codon Usage, and Diseases.

One hundred thirty-eight new Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome sequences have been determined. One hundred twenty-five of these and 116 from previous reports were combined to produce a multiple-sequence alignment of 241 EBV genomes, which we have used to analyze variation within the viral genome. The type 1/type 2 classification of EBV remains the major form of variation and is defined mostly by EBNA2 and EBNA3, but the type 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the EBNA3 locus extend into the adjacent gp350 and gp42 genes, whose products mediate infection of B cells by EBV.

Recombination rates along the entire Epstein Barr virus genome display a highly heterogeneous landscape.

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) has a large DNA genome assumed to be stable, but also subject to mutational processes such as nucleotide substitution and recombination, the latter explored to a lesser extent. Moreover, differences in the extent of recombination events across herpes sub-families were recently reported. Given the relevance of recombination in viral evolution and its possible impact in pathogenesis, we aimed to fully characterize and quantify its extension in all available EBV complete genome by assessing global and local recombination rate values (⍴/bp).

A novel recombinant variant of latent membrane protein 1 from Epstein Barr virus in Argentina denotes phylogeographical association.

Aim: To study LMP1 variants distribution among children with EBV+ malignant and benign conditions as well as in healthy carriers.

Methods: Oral secretions and blood cells from 31 children with IM, and biopsies from 14 EBV+ reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and 33 EBV+ lymphomas were included. LMP1 was amplified by nested PCR and sequenced.

Presence of human papilloma virus in a series of breast carcinoma from Argentina.

Background: The etiology and the molecular mechanisms related to breast carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Some recent reports have examined the role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer.

LMP1 promoter sequence analysis in Epstein Barr virus pediatric infection reveals preferential circulation of B95.8 related variants in Argentina.

The Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several lymphoid and epithelial malignancies such as Hodgkin and Burkitt lymphoma or nasopharyngeal carcinoma and it is also the etiological agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Transcriptional regulation of the viral oncoprotein LMP1, remains yet not fully understood. LMP1 expression can be initiated in an EBNA2 dependent or independent manner from ED-L1 or LT-R1 promoters.

Distinctive Epstein-Barr virus variants associated with benign and malignant pediatric pathologies: LMP1 sequence characterization and linkage with other viral gene polymorphisms.

The ubiquitous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is related to the development of lymphoma and is also the etiological agent for infectious mononucleosis (IM). Sequence variations in the gene encoding LMP1 have been deeply studied in different pathologies and geographic regions. Controversial results propose the existence of tumor-related variants, while others argued in favor of a geographical distribution of these variants.

Characterization of Epstein Barr virus latency pattern in Argentine breast carcinoma.

Introduction: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors show different expression patterns of latency genes. Since in breast carcinoma this pattern is not yet fully described, our aim was to characterize EBV latency pattern in our EBV positive breast carcinoma series.

Methods: The study was conducted on 71 biopsies of breast carcinoma and in 48 non-neoplastic breast controls.

EBNA1 sequences in Argentinean pediatric acute and latent Epstein-Barr virus infection reflect circulation of novel South American variants.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is related to the development of lymphomas and is also the etiological agent for infectious mononucleosis (IM). Sequence variation of the EBNA1 gene, consistently expressed in all EBV-positive cells, has been widely studied. Based on the amino acid at codon 487 five major EBNA1 variants have been described, two closely related prototypic variants (P-ala and P-thr) and three variant sequences (V-leu, V-val, and V-pro).

Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 gene promoter variants in pediatric patients with acute infectious mononucleosis: its comparison with pediatric lymphomas.

Epstein-Barr virus genotypes can be distinguished by polymorphic variations in the genes encoding EBNA2, 3A, 3B, and 3C. The immediate early gene BZLF1 plays a key role in modulating the switch from latency to lytic replication and therefore enabling viral propagation. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare BZLF1 promoter sequence (Zp) variation in pediatric infectious mononucleosis (IM) and in pediatric EBV positive lymphoma biopsies.

Caffeic Acid Phenylethyl Ester and MG-132 Have Apoptotic and Antiproliferative Effects on Leukemic Cells But Not on Normal Mononuclear Cells.

Chemotherapy aims to limit proliferation and induce apoptotic cell death in tumor cells. Owing to blockade of signaling pathways involved in cell survival and proliferation, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibitors can induce apoptosis in a number of hematological malignancies. The efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, such as vincristine (VCR) and doxorubicine (DOX), may be enhanced with combined therapy based on NF-kappaB modulation.