Reactive Stroma and Acinar Morphology in Prostate Cancer: Implications for Progression and Prognostic Assessment.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PC) remains a significant global health concern, with prognostic assessments largely reliant on the Gleason Classification System. While it has proven effective, subjectivity in interpretation persists, prompting the need for complementary approaches. Reactive stroma (RS) has emerged as a potential candidate for enhancing PC characterization, as it reflects intricate interactions among stromal, epithelial, and extracellular matrix components.

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Pediatric Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy has become a promising treatment option in pediatric surgery, offering a novel approach to tissue repair and regeneration. Obtained from the patient's own blood or umbilical cord blood (CB), PRP is a concentrated form of plasma enriched with platelets, growth factors, and cytokines essential for stimulating tissue healing. This systematic review explores the applications of PRP therapy in pediatric surgical procedures, focusing on its role in promoting wound healing, reducing postoperative complications, and enhancing patient outcomes.

Long-Term Assessment of Aesthetic Results in Omphalocele Repair with POSAS Scale.

Introduction: Omphalocele (OM) is a congenital defect of the abdominal wall. The main goal of the surgical management is the survival of the neonate. However, the residual scar following the surgery can be extremely burdensome and negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of these patients.

Testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumor: a case report.

The Testicular Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor (JGCT) is a rare testicular neoplasm that appears in the first months of life as a painless testicular mass. Following an accurate radiological ultrasound diagnosis, through which the cystic appearance of the lesion is observed, and histological confirmation, showing follicular growth pattern and an immunoreactivity for inhibin, the treatment process involves, when feasible, conservative surgery. We present the case of a 2-months old infant with a bilateral JGCT of the testis and we review the classical findings of the patology.

Platelet-rich plasma therapy for postoperative esophageal fistula in a pediatric patient.

Postoperative management of esophagocutaneous fistulas in pediatric patients is challenging, often resulting in prolonged hospitalization and increased morbidity. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment for such complications. We present the case of a 7-month-old infant who developed an esophago-cutaneous fistula following esophagocoloplasty for esophageal atresia type A.

The role of the early video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in children with pleural empyema.

Purpose: Pleural empyema (PE) is a collection of purulent material in the pleural space. PE's management in children is a challenge and an inappropriate diagnostic-therapeutic work up can lead to serious short and long-term complications. The aim of this study is to define the correct timing to approach a pediatric PE by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

COQ7 defect causes prenatal onset of mitochondrial CoQ deficiency with cardiomyopathy and gastrointestinal obstruction.

COQ7 pathogenetic variants cause primary CoQ deficiency and a clinical phenotype of encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy, or multisystemic disorder. Early diagnosis is essential for promptly starting CoQ supplementation. Here, we report novel compound heterozygous variants in the COQ7 gene responsible for a prenatal onset (20 weeks of gestation) of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and intestinal dysmotility in a Bangladesh consanguineous family with two affected siblings.

Effects of photobiomodulation on pain, lactate and muscle performance (ROM, torque, and EMG parameters) of paretic upper limb in patients with post-stroke spastic hemiparesis-a randomized controlled clinical trial.

The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the paretic upper limb in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis and to understand the potential of PBM as a long-term non-invasive therapy for reducing the side effects caused by spasticity in the hemiparetic upper limb after a stroke. This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial constituted of 27 participants, being Control group (CG = 12 healthy individuals) and PBM group (PBMG = 15 post-stroke individuals). In the CG, the baseline blood lactate (BL) was evaluated, followed by the evaluation of the IC torque of the biceps and triceps muscles, with the isokinetic dynamometer associated with surface electromyography (EMG) and, subsequently, a new measurement of BL.

Laparoscopic ovarian tissue collection for fertility preservation in children with malignancies: a multicentric experience.

Introduction: Long survivors after childhood cancer are increasing thanks to oncological improvements. Their quality of life and fertility-sparing should be considered in the early phases of each oncological pathway. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue removed before starting gonadotoxic therapies is the only fertility sparing procedure available for prepubertal children affected by cancer and it does not affect the timing of the start of the treatment.

Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy associated with cardiorespiratory rehabilitation in spastic subjects.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cardiorespiratory rehabilitation (CR) and transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) on exercise tolerance (ET), heart rate variability (HRV), and peripheral muscle activity in individuals with spasticity. Fifteen participants with spasticity were randomly assigned to two groups: the tPBM group (tPBMG) consisted of eight volunteers who underwent tPBM (on mode) and CR, while the control group (CG) consisted of seven volunteers who underwent simulated tPBM (off mode) and CR. The CR program included 12 weeks of treatment, twice a week for one hour, involving aerobic exercises and lower limb strengthening.

Ask Doctor Smartphone! An App to Help Physicians Manage Foreign Body Ingestions in Children.

Background: Foreign body ingestion (FBI) represents the most common cause of emergent gastrointestinal endoscopy in children. FBI's management can be quite challenging for physicians because of the variability of the clinical presentation, and the decision tree becomes even more intricate because of patient-specific variables that must be considered in the pediatric age range (e.g.

Fish Skin Graft: Narrative Review and First Application for Abdominal Wall Dehiscence in Children.

Acellular fish skin grafts (FSGs) are tissue-based products created by minimally processing the skin of the Atlantic cod (). The FSG is rich in omega-3 and facilitates tissue regeneration by supporting revascularization and ingrowth in the proliferation and remodeling phases of wound healing. FSG is structurally more similar to human skin than antiviral-processed skin substitutes such as amniotic membrane, and there are no known prion, bacterial, or viral diseases that can be transmitted from North-Atlantic cod to humans.

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Minimally Invasive Laparoscopic and Robotic Pediatric Surgery: Our Experiences and Literature Review.

Ultrasound (US) is a non-invasive imaging technique frequently used to examine internal organs and superficial tissues, and invaluable in pediatric patients. In a surgical setting, intraoperative ultrasound allows to highlight anatomical structures in detail during traditional open and minimally invasive surgery, thanks to the use of specific probes. In fact, laparoscopic and robotic ultrasonography requires the development of specialized transducers that fit through laparoscopic trocars.

Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: Preliminary Results, Learning Curve and Comparison with Standard Open Approach.

Pilonidal sinus (PNS) is a common disease which can lead to complications including infection and abscess formation. Different surgical approaches have been suggested, based on primary or secondary wound closure intention healing or endoscopic treatment (EPSiT). The aim of this study is to verify the superior outcomes of EPSiT, especially in comparison with the traditional open approach, and discuss the operators' learning curve.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Children: Guideline and Recommendations from the Emilia-Romagna Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections (UTI-Ped-ER) Study Group.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) represents one of the most common infectious diseases and a major cause of antibiotic prescription in children. To prevent recurrent infections and long-term complications, low-dose continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) has been used. However, the efficacy of CAP is controversial.

A case of massive subcutaneous emphysema and transient ischemic attack due to argon plasma coagulation following endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment.

Pilonidal sinus is a small hole affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue, which usually contains hair and skin debris, resulting in the creation of the so-called pilonidal cyst. The endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSiT) is a minimally invasive procedure consisting of the removal of hairs and cauterization of the cavity under direct endoscopic vision. In our institution, we used to end this procedure with argon plasma coagulation (APC).

Comparison between two minimally invasive techniques for Hirschsprung disease: transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT) versus laparoscopic-TERPT.

Introduction: Surgical treatment for Hirschsprung disease (HD) has recently evolved into different minimally invasive techniques. The aim of the present study is to compare results from two different minimal invasive approaches, transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT) and laparoscopic-assisted endorectal pull-through (LA-TERPT).

Methods: Patients have been divided into two groups according to surgical technique.

Role of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Conservative Treatment of Fecal Incontinence in Children.

Treatment of organic fecal incontinence in children, typical of anorectal malformations, is most often conservative; however, when necessary, it can be surgical. Autologous fat grafting, or lipofilling, can be used to improve fecal incontinence. We present our experience with the echo-assisted anal-lipofilling and its effects on fecal incontinence in children and on the quality of life of the entire family.

Prostate cancer tissue classification by multiphoton imaging, automated image analysis and machine learning.

Prostate carcinoma, a slow-growing and often indolent tumour, is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide. The prognosis is mainly based on the Gleason system through prostate biopsy analysis. However, new treatment and monitoring strategies depend on a more precise diagnosis.

Corrigendum: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation: 20 years experience in Bologna University.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.

Case report: Histological findings of peri-appendicitis in three children with SARS-CoV-2 - related multisystem inflammatory syndrome: A mark for systemic inflammation?

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition that can potentially develop after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Gastrointestinal manifestation in MIS-C can mimic acute abdomen, potentially leading to unnecessary surgical treatment. Immune-mediated mechanisms seem to be a determining factor in its pathogenesis, and histological studies can help to shed light on this aspect.