Biomimetic Restorative Dentistry: an evidence-based discussion of common myths.

This narrative review critically examines some protocols of biomimetic restorative dentistry (BRD), which supposedly outperforms traditional adhesive techniques. This review explores the origins of BRD, introduces cognitive biases influencing the adoption of BRD protocols without evidence scrutiny, and discusses nine BRD protocols. For this, we searched randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews in the literature on the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library CENTRAL databases, which lead to the following conclusions about the revised protocols: 1) The use of dyes excessively removes carious dentin; 2) Aluminum oxide air abrasion contributes to overtreatment and may pose long-term health risks to dental professionals; 3) Beveling enamel in posterior teeth is technically difficult and leads to unnecessary loss of adjacent sound enamel with no evidence of its use outperforming butt-joint preparations; 4) Deactivating matrix metalloproteinases with chlorhexidine shows no clinical evidence of improving restoration longevity.

Evaluation of adhesive properties and enzymatic activity at the hybrid layer of a simplified adhesive loaded with 0.2 % Cu and 5 % ZnO nanoparticles: A Randomized Clinical Trial and ex vivo analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an adhesive loaded with 0.2 % copper (Cu) and 5 % zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (Nps) on its adhesive properties and enzymatic activity at the hybrid layer ex vivo in a randomized clinical model.

Methods: Fifteen patients participated in this study, and a total of 30 third molars were used.

Longitudinal study of the role of salivary proteins on radiation-related caries onset in head and neck cancer patients using 5000 ppm fluoride dentifrice up to one-year post-intensity modulated radiotherapy.

Objectives: Longitudinal assessment of the role of specific proteins on radiotherapy caries (RC) onset in head and neck cancer patients(HNC) up to one-year post-IMRT using a 5000ppm fluoride paste daily.

Materials And Methods: Dental status/salivary protein data were obtained from 40 HNC patients pre-IMRT, six months (T1) and 12 months (T2) post-IMRT (ethical approval/consent). DMFT/salivary parameters were quantified, including flow rate, mucin 5B/7, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), cystatin S and α-amylase.

Clinical evaluation of posterior restorations over wet and dry dentin using an etch-and-rinse adhesive: A 36-month randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical performance of posterior restorations over wet and dry dentin with an etch-and-rinse adhesive after 36 months of clinical service.

Methods: Forty-five participants were recruited, each one had at least two posterior teeth that needed restoration. Ninety restorations were placed on Class I or Class II cavities.

Is the use of a potassium nitrate dentifrice effective in reducing tooth sensitivity related to in-office bleaching? A randomized triple-blind clinical trial.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate whether the use of a dentifrice containing 5% potassium nitrate (KNO ) prior to and during in-office dental bleaching reduces bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity and affects bleaching efficiency.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-eight individuals were randomly distributed into two groups (n = 19). The experimental group performed toothbrushing using a dentifrice containing 5% KNO , one week before treatment and before the first and second bleaching sessions.

Effects of Dentine Pretreatment Solutions Containing Flavonoids on the Resin Polymer-Dentine Interface Created Using a Modern Universal Adhesive.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of several experimental pretreatment crosslinker solutions on the resin polymer-dentine interface created using a representative universal adhesive system, by means of microtensile bond strength testing (μTBS), nanomechanical properties and ultramorphology confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Five experimental solutions containing different flavonoids were applied as dentine pretreatment after acid etching. A control pretreatment group containing no flavonoid was also employed.

Development and characterization of self-etching adhesives doped with 45S5 and niobophosphate bioactive glasses: Physicochemical, mechanical, bioactivity and interface properties.

Objective: The aim of study was to develop and characterize experimental bioactive glasses (45S5 and niobophosphate bioactive glass (NbG)) and evaluate the effects of their addition in self-etching adhesive systems on physicochemical, mechanical, and bioactive properties, microtensile bond strength (μTBS), and nanoleakage (NL).

Methods: Two-step self-etching adhesive systems containing 5, 10, and 20 wt.% of 45S5 and NbG bioactive glasses were developed.

Universal adhesives and dual-cured core buildup composite material: adhesive properties.

Objective: Dual-cured buildup composites and simplified light-cured adhesive systems are mixed with a chemical activator to prevent the incompatibility between them. To evaluate microshear bond strength (μSBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of three universal adhesives used under buildup composites using different curing modes, at baseline and after 6-months (6m).

Methodology: Dentin specimens of 55 molars were assigned to: Clearfil Universal Bond[CFU], Prime&Bond Elect[PBE] and One Coat 7 Universal[OCU].

Influence of flavonoids on long-term bonding stability on caries-affected dentin.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of experimental dentin pre-treatment solutions formulated with different flavonoids on microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanohardness (NH) and ultra-morphological characteristics of artificial caries-affected dentin (CAD) bonded using a universal bonding system.

Methods: A microbiological method was used to create an artificial CAD in 91 human molars. Five experimental pre-treatment solutions were created using the following flavonoids: quercetin (QUE); hesperidin (HES); rutin (RUT); naringin (NAR), or proanthocyanidin (PRO).

Nanofilled/nanohybrid and hybrid resin-based composite in patients with direct restorations in posterior teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to answer the following research question: Are there differences in the color match and surface texture of nanofilled/nanohybrid and hybrid composite in patients with direct posterior restorations?

Data: Randomized clinical trials that compared nanofilled/nanohybrid and hybrid composite in direct restoration in posterior teeth were included. For the analysis of the bias the risk of bias tool (RoB) was used. Meta-analyses of different pairs (nanofilled vs.

Effect of laterotrusive occlusal scheme on chewing duration, external intercostal muscular activity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation.

: To evaluate the effect of the laterotrusive occlusal scheme on chewing duration, external intercostal (EIC) electromyographic (EMG) activity, heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (OS) during different tasks in the upright seated position.: Fifty young participants, 25 with canine guidance and 25 with group function, were included. Chewing duration, bilateral EIC EMG activity, HR, and OS were recorded during the following tasks: 1) chewing until swallowing threshold; 2) laterotrusive teeth grinding.

Do subjects with forced lip closure have different perioral and jaw muscles activity?

: To evaluate the activity of mentalis (MN), buccinator (BC), and suprahyoid (SH) muscles among participants with different lip competence..: Sixty-three participants were classified clinically and assigned to the following groups of 21 each: 1) competent lips (competent), 2) incompetent lips (incompetent), or 3) forced lip closure (forced).

Zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles addition in universal adhesive systems improve interface stability on caries-affected dentin.

This study evaluated the MMP inhibition of the zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp), and the effects of their addition into adhesives on antimicrobial activity (AMA), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), in vitro degree of conversion (in vitro-DC), as well as, resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ-DC on caries-affected dentin. Anti-MMP activity was evaluated for several MMPs. ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.

Effect of breathing type on electromyographic activity of respiratory muscles during tooth clenching at different decubitus positions.

Objective: To compare the effect of breathing type on electromyographic (EMG) activity of respiratory muscles during tooth clenching at different decubitus positions.

Methods: Forty young men participants were included, 11 with upper costal, 9 with mixed, and 20 with costo-diaphragmatic breathing type. EMG recordings of diaphragm (DIA), external intercostal (EIC), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and latissimus dorsi (LAT) muscles during tooth clenching in the intercuspal position were performed in dorsal, left lateral, and ventral decubitus positions.

Effect of MDP-containing Silane and Adhesive Used Alone or in Combination on the Long-term Bond Strength and Chemical Interaction with Lithium Disilicate Ceramics.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a silane and an adhesive containing MDP, used alone or combined in the same solution, on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) to lithium disilicate ceramics immediately and after 1-year water storage, and compare the bond strength results with the Raman spectra of the treated lithium disilicate surfaces.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 CAD/CAM blocks of lithium disilicate (LD; IPS e.max CAD) were cut into four square sections (6 x 6 x 6 mm; n = 60 per group) and processed as recommended by the manufacturer.

Effect of self-curing activators and curing protocols on adhesive properties of universal adhesives bonded to dual-cured composites.

Objectives: To measure microshear bond strength (μSBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of self-etch universal adhesives under core buildup restorations using different curing protocols, at 24h and after 6-month water storage.

Methods: Middle dentin of 55 molars was divided into: Clearfil Universal Bond [CFU], Prime&Bond Elect [PBE], and One Coat 7 Universal [OCU]. All-Bond Universal [ABU] and Clearfil SE Bond [CSE] were used as control.

Laboratory Performance of Universal Adhesive Systems for Luting CAD/CAM Restorative Materials.

Purpose: To evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of several universal adhesive systems applied on five different indirect restorative materials.

Materials And Methods: Five CAD/CAM materials were selected: 1) indirect resin composite (LAV); 2) feldspathic glass ceramic (VTR); 3) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic (EMP); 4) lithium disilicate ceramic (EMX); 5) yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (CZI). For each material, 15 blocks were cut into 4 rectangular sections (6 × 6 × 6 mm) (n = 60 per group), and processed as recommended by the respective manufacturer.

Degradation of dentin-bonded interfaces treated with collagen cross-linking agents in a cariogenic oral environment: An in situ study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of treatment using collagen cross-linking agents as primer on resin-dentin bond interfaces subjected to cariogenic oral environment (COE).

Methods: Each of forty human teeth had two cavities (4×4×1.5mm) prepared within enamel margins.

Collagen cross-linkers on dentin bonding: Stability of the adhesive interfaces, degree of conversion of the adhesive, cytotoxicity and in situ MMP inhibition.

Objective: To investigate the effect of collagen cross-links on the stability of adhesive properties, the degree of conversion within the hybrid layer, cytotoxicity and the inhibition potential of the MMPs' activity.

Methods: The dentin surfaces of human molars were acid-etched and treated with primers containing: 6.5wt% proanthocyanidin, UVA-activated 0.

Effects of breathing type on electromyographic activity of respiratory muscles at different body positions.

Aim: To compare the effect of breathing type on the activity of respiratory muscles at different body positions.

Methodology: Two groups of 20 subjects each, one with upper costal and the other with costodiaphragmatic breathing, were studied. Electromyographic activity of sternocleidomastoid (SCM), diaphragm (DIA), external intercostal (EIC), and latissimus dorsi (LAT) muscles was recorded at standing and lateral decubitus positions during swallowing and maximal voluntary clenching.

Five-year Effects of Chlorhexidine on the In Vitro Durability of Resin/Dentin Interfaces.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of an acid containing 2% chlorhexidine (Ac/CHX) or a 2% CHX aqueous solution (Aq/CHX) on the immediate and 5-year bonding properties of resin/dentin interfaces produced by two adhesives. The presence of CHX in these interfaces was also evaluated under micro-Raman spectroscopy.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two molars were ground to expose a flat dentin surface.

Effect of natural mediotrusive contact on electromyographic activity of jaw and cervical muscles during chewing.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of a natural mediotrusive contact on the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the anterior temporalis and sternocleidomastoid muscles during chewing in healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: The study sample included two groups of 15 subjects each (Group 1: with natural mediotrusive contact; Group 2: without natural mediotrusive contact). Bilateral surface EMG activity was recorded on anterior temporalis and sternocleidomastoid muscles during unilateral chewing of a half cookie and unilateral chewing of a piece of apple.

The effect of a mandibular advancement appliance on cervical lordosis in patients with TMD and cervical pain.

Aims: A preliminary study to compare cervical lordosis by means of cervical cephalometric analysis, before and after six months of continuous mandibular advancement appliance (MAA) use, and to show how physical therapy posture re-education would improve the cervical lordosis angle.

Methodology: Twenty-two female patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and cervical pain with lordosis <20° were included. Patients had to have a muscle pain history for at least six months, and with an intensity ⩾6, measured by means of a visual analog scale (a horizontal 0-10 numeric rating scale with 0 labeled as 'no pain' and 10 as 'worst imaginable pain').

The occlusal appliance effect on myofascial pain.

There are limited studies about the effects of occlusal appliance (OA) after three months of use. This study aimed to compare myofascial pain (MP) according to RDC/TMD, craniocervical relationships (CR) and masseter and temporalis bilateral electromyographic (EMG) activity, before and after three months of occlusal appliance use. Nineteen patients participated in this study.

Electromyographic activity during awake tooth grinding tasks at different jaw posture in the sagittal plane.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the anterior temporalis, suprahyoid, infrahyoid and trapezius muscles during tooth grinding at different jaw posture tasks.

Materials And Methods: Participants were 30 healthy subjects with natural dentition, bilateral molar support and incisive protrusive guidance. Bipolar surface electrodes were located on the right side of the subject.