Water droplet surface tension method - An innovation in quantifying saponin content in quinoa seed.

Quinoa surface borne saponins are bitter tasting anti-nutritional compounds that must be removed before consumption of the seed. To determine saponin content, the currently available standard afrosimetric foam test method only determines the presence of saponin via a rating of either 'acceptable' or 'unacceptable'. A water droplet surface tension (WDST) based innovative method was developed that can quantify saponin content in aqueous solutions with greater accuracy.

Burial and Compaction of Sandy Soils to Prevent Emergence of Adult Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) at the Soil Surface.

Stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans L.) remain a significant pest affecting livestock and rural communities on the Swan Coastal Plain around Perth, Western Australia. Vegetable crop residues remaining after harvest enable stable fly development.

Amending Poultry Broiler Litter to Prevent the Development of Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) and Other Nuisance Flies.

Spent poultry litter use as a fertilizer in horticulture supports stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) development. Stable fly continues to have an economic impact on livestock production and rural lifestyle in south-western Australia.

Phenotypic characterisation of colour stability of lamb meat.

A study was undertaken, using 2701 overwrapped loin samples aged for 5 days and subjected to a simulated retail display (SRD) for 3 days; sourced from lambs in the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation information nucleus flock, born 2007-2009. The ratio of reflectance of light in the wavelengths of 630 nm and 580 nm (oxy/met) was measured daily during the SRD, using a Hunterlab spectrophotometer. A series of linear mixed models was fitted to the oxy/met and time data to compare 4 breed types and identify relevant covariates, of 19, using a forward selection process.

Molecular genetic features of polyploidization and aneuploidization reveal unique patterns for genome duplication in diploid Malus.

Polyploidization results in genome duplication and is an important step in evolution and speciation. The Malus genome confirmed that this genus was derived through auto-polyploidization, yet the genetic and meiotic mechanisms for polyploidization, particularly for aneuploidization, are unclear in this genus or other woody perennials. In fact the contribution of aneuploidization remains poorly understood throughout Plantae.