Advancing Glaucoma Treatment During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Contemporary Management Strategies and Prospective Therapeutic Developments.

The management of glaucoma in pregnancy and breastfeeding requires a careful evaluation of treatment choices to guarantee the well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. This review explores the intricacies of controlling glaucoma in pregnant and breastfeeding women, including a comprehensive overview of existing glaucoma treatment methods, clinical guidelines, and future therapeutic approaches. The efficacy and safety profiles of traditional treatment approaches, such as topical and systemic medicines and surgical treatments, are evaluated specifically about their use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Comparison of diabetic retinopathy screening between hospital-based multidisciplinary and general practice-based settings: insights from a regional study in Italy.

Purpose: To compare diabetic retinopathy screening among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes under care in two distinct setups: hospital-based multidisciplinary and general practice-based.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective observational case series, we collected data from a total of 133 diabetic patients: subjects from the hospital-based multidisciplinary setting were referred by the diabetologist and screened by an ophthalmologist using the Optomed Aurora IQ fundus camera. These patients were compared with those who underwent DR screening arranged through a general practice-based setting.

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Scleral Flap versus Scleral Pocket Technique for Sutureless Intrascleral One-Piece Lens Fixation.

This study compared long-term surgical outcomes of the scleral flap versus scleral pocket technique for sutureless intrascleral one-piece intraocular lens (IOL) fixation. : A retrospective comparative study was conducted at a single center, involving consecutive patients undergoing sutureless intrascleral one-piece IOL implantation, between January 2020 and May 2022. Eyes were divided into two groups based on the surgical technique: group 1 underwent scleral flap = 64), and group 2 received scleral pocket technique ( = 59).

Assessing the Impact of Simulated Color Vision Deficiency on Ophthalmologists' Ability to Differentiate between Choroidal Melanoma and Choroidal Nevus.

Color vision deficiency (CVD) is an often-overlooked issue within the medical community, and its consequences remain insufficiently explored. We aim to evaluate how CVD affects diagnostic accuracy and distinguish between malignant choroidal melanoma and benign choroidal nevus among ophthalmologists. In this cross-sectional study, we engaged ophthalmologists through a web-based survey distributed via the professional ophthalmology society's social media channels.

Deep Learning in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex and multifactorial condition that can lead to permanent vision loss once it progresses to the neovascular exudative stage. This review aims to summarize the use of deep learning in neovascular AMD. : Pubmed search.

A Novel Noninvasive Screening Tool for Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and the diagnostic accuracy of the new tool, DEvice© (AI, Rome, Italy), for screening patients with dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: This study was performed at the University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro. Enrolled patients were classified as affected by DED (group 1) or not (group 2) using an already validated tool (Keratograph 5M, Oculus, Germany), evaluating the noninvasive keratograph breakup time (NIKBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian gland loss (MGL), and bulbar redness.

Comparison of Functional, Structural, and Microvascular Features in Different Stages of Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane.

Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) often leads to visual symptoms such as metamorphopsia and decreased central vision. This study aimed to evaluate functional, structural, and microvascular characteristics in patients with different stages of idiopathic ERM who were candidates for surgery, with a focus on identifying potential indicators for surgical timing. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients with unilateral idiopathic ERM who were candidates for surgery.

T-shaped pars plana scleral incision to remove large intraocular foreign body.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety profile of T-shaped pars plana scleral incision technique in removing large intraocular foreign bodies, during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: Retrospective interventional case series that included patients diagnosed with a large intraocular foreign body (IOFB). Possible postoperative complications were recorded 24 h, 1 month, 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Analysis of Choriocapillaris Reperfusion Topography Following Faricimab Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Therapy-Naïve Patients.

Introduction: To assess changes in choriocapillaris (CC) vascular density surrounding macular neovascularization (MNV) in treatment-naïve age-related macular degeneration (AMD) after faricimab application using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 25 treatment-naïve individuals who underwent intravitreal faricimab injections for neovascular AMD (nAMD) with type 1 MNV were included. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images and en-face swept-source OCTA images were analyzed, and the percentage of CC flow deficit (FD%), FD average area (FDa) and FD number (FDn) in five progressive 20.

Analysis of Choriocapillaris Reperfusion Topography following Faricimab Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Non-Treatment-Naïve Patients.

To assess changes in choriocapillaris (CC) vascular density surrounding macular neovascularization (MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when transitioning from various anti-VEGF treatments to faricimab, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). 25 eyes of 22 individuals who underwent intravitreal faricimab injections for neovascular AMD with type 1 MNV were included. OCTA images were obtained prior to (T0), after one (T1), and after three faricimab injections (T2); Noteworthy changes occurred in the first ring at T2 in comparison to T0.

Optimizing Surgical Management for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Eyes with Active Retinoblastoma: A Safety-Driven Approach.

Intraocular surgeries are conventionally contraindicated for patients with active retinoblastoma (Rb) due to the potential risk of tumor dissemination. However, surgery is occasionally necessary to preserve vision in patients with a single eye when the eye is complicated by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of surgical repair for RRD in pediatric patients with active Rb utilizing a non-drainage scleral buckling approach.

Imaging Assessment of Peripapillary Vessel Diameters in Postmortem Eyes.

Purpose: Proof of concept of retinal vessel diameter measurements in human postmortem eyes.

Methods: En face near-infrared (IR) images and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the optic nerve head (ONH) were captured with a Heidelberg Engineering Spectralis (Spectralis, version 7.0.

Anatomical and Functional Impacts of Congenital Bilateral Visual Deprivation on the Visual Pathway-A Comprehensive Review.

Neuroplasticity is a complex process that is heightened during time-sensitive periods of pre- and postnatal brain development. It continues, albeit to a lesser extent, throughout adolescence and young adulthood. Congenital visual deprivation is well-known and explored in human-model behavioral research.

Noninvasive Ocular Surface Workup in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Using Microwave-Heated Eye Bag.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of a novel microwave heating device (Blepha EyeBag) used serially for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Patients And Methods: This prospective single center study was conducted at University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro. Patients were instructed to apply the compress twice daily for 15 days and once per day every two days, as reported in the package insert.

Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens: a single-masked prospective randomized study.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) with two different monofocal IOLs.

Setting: Eye Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Design: Prospective, single-center, single-masked, randomized controlled clinical study.

From Molecular Biology to Novel Immunotherapies and Nanomedicine in Uveal Melanoma.

Molecular biology studies of uveal melanoma have resulted in the development of novel immunotherapy approaches including tebentafusp-a T cell-redirecting bispecific fusion protein. More biomarkers are currently being studied. As a result, combined immunotherapy is being developed as well as immunotherapy with bifunctional checkpoint inhibitory T cell engagers and natural killer cells.

COVID-19-related retinal microvasculopathy and systemic implications in patients with severe disease: results from the Methuselah study.

Objectives: To assess the reversibility of retinal microvascular changes in the long term and to investigate the potential links with other vascular diseases of COVID-19.

Methods: We designed a prospective multicenter observational study. Patients were enrolled from the Methuselah study cohort.

Feasibility of Tear Meniscus Height Measurements Obtained with a Smartphone-Attachable Portable Device and Agreement of the Results with Standard Slit Lamp Examination.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a novel device, the Smart Eye Camera (SEC), for assessing tear meniscus height (TMH) after fluorescein staining and the agreement of the results with measurements obtained using standard slit lamp examination.

Methods: TMH was assessed using both SEC and conventional slit lamp examination. The images were analyzed using the software ImageJ 1.

Optic Nerve Head and Retinal Changes in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Correlation with Short-Term Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Monitoring.

Background: We aimed to assess the status of the optic nerve and retina by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a group of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) on the basis of dynamic changes in intracranial pressure.

Methods: This observational and cross-sectional study included patients affected by idiopathic intracranial hypertension with papilledema (IIHWP) and patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema (IIHWOP). All participants underwent an OCT examination of the macula and optic nerve head.

Comparison of Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy with Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Parameters in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Aim: This study seeks to evaluate the results of nailfold videocapillaroscopies (NVCs) among patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and their correlation with the choroid and retinal parameters.

Material And Methods: The examined group included 152 patients with acute, recurrent, chronic and neovascular CSC (34 F, 118 M, mean age 45.9 ± 8.

Changes in Anterior Segment Morphology and Intraocular Pressure after Cataract Surgery in Non-glaucomatous Eyes.

Background: It is known that cataract extraction is associated with a significant reduction in intraocular pressure, especially in narrow angled eyes; however, the modifications of anterior segment parameters associated with this phenomenon have still not been completely defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in anterior segment anatomy and intraocular pressure after cataract surgery in non-glaucomatous eyes.

Methods And Material: This retrospective case series study included 64 eyes of 64 consecutive patients who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.

Bilateral Implantation of Multifocal Intraocular Lenses: 10-Year Follow-Up.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the long-term results after bilateral implantation of different multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs).

Methods: This retrospective comparative study included 42 patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral MIOL implantation. Patients were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 received a refractive ReZoom NGX1 IOL (AMO), Group 2 a diffractive Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL (Alcon), and Group 3 a diffractive Tecnis ZM900 IOL (AMO).