Management of overlapping immune-related myocarditis, myositis, and myasthenia in a young patient with advanced NSCLC: a case report.

Immunotherapy is increasingly used in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), offering a significant anti-tumor response, as well as causing rising immune-related adverse effects. The incidence of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis-myositis-myasthenia gravis is increasing and particularly concerning due to its high mortality rate. Prompt recognition, diagnosis, and management are crucial.

Effectiveness of Autologous Platelet Concentrates in the Sinus Lift Surgery: Findings from Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Maxillary sinus augmentation is one of the most predictable procedures for the rehabilitation of the posterior maxilla. The current overview aimed to summarize the findings provided by systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses on the effectiveness of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in sinus lift and to assess the methodological quality of the included SRs. Three electronic databases have been explored.

Allelic effects on uromodulin aggregates drive autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease.

Missense mutations in the uromodulin (UMOD) gene cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD), one of the most common monogenic kidney diseases. The unknown impact of the allelic and gene dosage effects and fate of mutant uromodulin leaves open the gap between postulated gain-of-function mutations, end-organ damage and disease progression in ADTKD. Based on two prevalent missense UMOD mutations with divergent disease progression, we generated Umod and Umod knock-in mice that showed strong allelic and gene dosage effects on uromodulin aggregates and activation of ER stress and unfolded protein and immune responses, leading to variable kidney damage.

Quality of life and satisfaction of patients after oncoplastic or traditional breast-conserving surgery using the BREAST-Q (BCT module): a prospective study.

Introduction: The oncoplastic conservative surgery was developed as a natural evolution of traditional surgery, attempting to improve the therapeutic and aesthetic outcomes where tumor resection could be followed by not-adequate results. Our primary aim is to evaluate how patient satisfaction and quality-of-life after conservative oncoplastic surgery, using BREAST-Q (BCT Module), change pre- and post-operatively. The secondary aim is to compare patient-reported outcome after oncoplastic or traditional conservative surgery.

Cell-free biomimetic polyurethane-based scaffold for breast reconstruction following non-malignant lesion resection. A first-in-human study.

Background: Based on the volume of tissue removed, conservative surgery (BCS) cannot always guarantee satisfactory cosmetic results, unless resorting to more complex oncoplastic approaches. Investigating an alternative to optimize aesthetic outcomes minimizing surgical complexity, was the purpose of this study. We assessed an innovative surgical procedure based on the use of a biomimetic polyurethane-based scaffold intended for regenerating soft-tissue resembling fat, in patients undergoing BCS for non-malignant breast lesions.

Meta-GWAS Reveals Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Urinary Excretion of Uromodulin.

Background: Uromodulin, the most abundant protein excreted in normal urine, plays major roles in kidney physiology and disease. The mechanisms regulating the urinary excretion of uromodulin remain essentially unknown.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for raw (uUMOD) and indexed to creatinine (uUCR) urinary levels of uromodulin in 29,315 individuals of European ancestry from 13 cohorts.

TFEB Regulates ATP7B Expression to Promote Platinum Chemoresistance in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells.

ATP7B is a hepato-specific Golgi-located ATPase, which plays a key role in the regulation of copper (Cu) homeostasis and signaling. In response to elevated Cu levels, ATP7B traffics from the Golgi to endo-lysosomal structures, where it sequesters excess copper and further promotes its excretion to the bile at the apical surface of hepatocytes. In addition to liver, high ATP7B expression has been reported in tumors with elevated resistance to platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy.

Dry eye and inflammation of the ocular surface after cataract surgery: effectiveness of a tear film substitute based on trehalose/hyaluronic acid vs hyaluronic acid to resolve signs and symptoms.

Purpose: To compare the effect of trehalose 3%/hyaluronic acid 0.15% vs hyaluronic acid 0.15% eyedrops in reducing ocular surface inflammation after cataract surgery.

A five amino acids deletion in NKCC2 of C57BL/6 mice affects analysis of NKCC2 phosphorylation but does not impact kidney function.

Aim: The phosphorylation level of the furosemide-sensitive Na -K -2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb (TAL) is used as a surrogate marker for NKCC2 activation and TAL function. However, in mice, analyses of NKCC2 phosphorylation with antibodies against phosphorylated threonines 96 and 101 (anti-pT96/pT101) give inconsistent results. We aimed (a) to elucidate these inconsistencies and (b) to develop a phosphoform-specific antibody that ensures reliable detection of NKCC2 phosphorylation in mice.

Trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops in post-cataract ocular surface disorders.

Purpose: Prospective, randomised, open-label, comparative study to evaluate efficacy of trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops for post-operative discomfort and tear film stability in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods: Patients with healthy ocular surface, subclinical, or mild dry eye were enrolled. Tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer test, dry eye symptoms, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and ocular surface disease (OSDI) evaluation were performed pre-operatively and at two and four weeks after surgery.

Biodegradable Polymeric Micro/Nano-Structures with Intrinsic Antifouling/Antimicrobial Properties: Relevance in Damaged Skin and Other Biomedical Applications.

Bacterial colonization of implanted biomedical devices is the main cause of healthcare-associated infections, estimated to be 8.8 million per year in Europe. Many infections originate from damaged skin, which lets microorganisms exploit injuries and surgical accesses as passageways to reach the implant site and inner organs.

Perceived Job Insecurity and Depressive Symptoms among Italian Dentists: The Moderating Role of Fear of COVID-19.

Containment measures adopted to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have produced a general perception of job insecurity. Dentists have been highly affected by such measures, as they represent an easy source of contagion. As perceived job insecurity is associated with psychological distress and Italian dentists have been highly affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of potential financial loss and the risk of being infected, this study aimed at assessing whether the fear of COVID-19 moderated the effect of perceived job insecurity on depressive symptoms.

The role of ozonized oil and a combination of tobramycin/dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of viral conjunctivitis: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To determine whether topical tobramycin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% plus ozonized oil eye drops reduces clinical signs and infectious viral titers of presumed viral conjunctivitis more than tobramycin/dexamethasone eye drops alone.

Synthetic Lethality Screening Identifies FDA-Approved Drugs that Overcome ATP7B-Mediated Tolerance of Tumor Cells to Cisplatin.

Tumor resistance to chemotherapy represents an important challenge in modern oncology. Although platinum (Pt)-based drugs have demonstrated excellent therapeutic potential, their effectiveness in a wide range of tumors is limited by the development of resistance mechanisms. One of these mechanisms includes increased cisplatin sequestration/efflux by the copper-transporting ATPase, ATP7B.

Treatment of periodontal pockets at the distal aspect of mandibular second molar after surgical removal of impacted third molar and application of L-PRF: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Presence of clinical attachment loss on the distal aspect to the second molar may be associated with malposition of the third molar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction of clinical attachment loss at the distal aspect of the second molar after third molar extraction and application of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF).

Method And Materials: Eighteen subjects with a clinical attachment loss on the distal site to the second molar associated with impacted third molar in both sides of the jaw were recruited for the study.

PROMs in post-mastectomy care: Patient self-reports (BREAST-Q™) as a powerful instrument to personalize medical services.

One of the goals of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is to satisfy the patient's outcome. Recent studies therefore tended to focus on the patient's perception of the care and on the impact on quality of life using patients-reported-outcome-measures (PROMs), able to measure the health status directly without the clinician's interposition. We present a preliminary prospective study on 333 patients who underwent mastectomy with IBR in a two-year period, in a single Italian centre, using a dedicated PROMs, the BREAST-Q™, to determine the patient's satisfaction.

Efficacy of topical microemulsion of fatty acids of the ω-3 series on the sub-epithelial corneal nerves regeneration after epithelium-off corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of a microemulsion of fatty acids of the ω-3 series on the regeneration of the sub-epithelial corneal nerve plexus in patients with keratoconus after epi-off cross-linking.

Methods: In this prospective study, we recruited 40 patients, 18 females, mean age 28 years (range 22-37), who were randomly divided in two groups. Group A, 20 patients, after cross-linking were treated with a microemulsion of fatty acids of the ω-3 series.

Anomalous K 7 channel activity in human malignant hyperthermia syndrome unmasks a key role for H S and persulfidation in skeletal muscle.

Background And Purpose: Human malignant hyperthermia (MH) syndrome is induced by volatile anaesthetics and involves increased levels of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-derived H S within skeletal muscle. This increase contributes to skeletal muscle hypercontractility. K 7 channels, expressed in skeletal muscle, may be a molecular target for H S.

Activation of Autophagy, Observed in Liver Tissues From Patients With Wilson Disease and From ATP7B-Deficient Animals, Protects Hepatocytes From Copper-Induced Apoptosis.

Background & Aims: Wilson disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism that leads to copper accumulation and toxicity in the liver and brain. It is caused by mutations in the adenosine triphosphatase copper transporting β gene (ATP7B), which encodes a protein that transports copper from hepatocytes into the bile. We studied ATP7B-deficient cells and animals to identify strategies to decrease copper toxicity in patients with WD.

Male secretory breast cancer: case in a 6-year-old boy with a peculiar gene duplication and review of the literature.

Purpose: Secretory breast cancer (SBC) is one of the rarest breast cancer (BC), representing the majority of BC in childhood. Nevertheless, it elicits a lot of interest both for the peculiar morphology and the characteristic genetic features. Currently, there is no consensus on optimal treatment strategy.

Extraction of mandibular third molars: proposal of a new scale of difficulty.

We evaluated the accuracy of a new scale of surgical difficulty for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, which includes consideration of previously underestimated variables. Two hundred patients with impacted third molars were enrolled, and a preoperative clinical and radiographic assessment of difficulty was made by an oral surgeon using the new index. Five oral surgeons with similar degrees of experience then evaluated the surgical difficulty during operation.

Robot-assisted surgery for the radical treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis with colorectal involvement: short- and mid-term surgical and functional outcomes.

Purpose: Sexual and urinary dysfunctions are complications in radical treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with colorectal involvement. The aim of this article is to report the preliminary results of our single-institution experience with robotic treatment of DIE, evaluating intraoperative and postoperative surgical outcomes and focusing on the impact of this surgical approach on autonomic functions such as urogenital preservation and sexual well-being.

Methods: From January 2011 through December 2013, a case series of 10 patients underwent robotic radical treatment of DIE with colorectal resection using the da Vinci System.

Hand-assisted hybrid laparoscopic-robotic total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch--anal anastomosis.

Purpose: Few studies have reported minimally invasive total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We herein report a novel hand-assisted hybrid laparoscopic-robotic technique for patients with FAP and UC.

Methods: Between February 2010 and March 2014, six patients underwent hand-assisted hybrid laparoscopic-robotic total proctocolectomy with IPAA.