Transient hypoxemia induced by cortical electrical stimulation: A mapping study in 75 patients.

Objective: To identify which cortical regions are associated with direct electrical stimulation (DES)-induced alteration of breathing significant enough to impair pulse oximetry (SpO).

Methods: Evolution of SpO after 1,352 DES was analyzed in 75 patients with refractory focal epilepsy who underwent stereo-EEG recordings. For each DES, we assessed the change in SpO from 30 seconds prior to DES onset to 120 seconds following the end of the DES.

[Management of drug-resistant epilepsy].

Epilepsy is considered as drug-resistant when seizures persist despite the administration of 2 antiepileptic drugs adapted to the patient's needs, with an effective dosage, well-tolerated, whether as a single agent or in combination. Any patient suffering from drug-resistant focal epilepsy should be evaluated at least once in a tertiary epilepsy centre to discuss the appropriateness of a pre-surgical work-up. In drug-resistant epilepsy, the determinants of quality of life are multifactorial and not exclusively linked to the seizure frequency.

[Therapeutic arsenal in adult epilepsy].

Over the last 20 years, the number of drugs licensed for the treatment of seizure disorders has increased exponentially. Although the second-generation antiepileptic drugs have failed to significantly reduce the proportion of drug-resistant patients, their safety profile and the reduction of drug to drug interactions now allow to better tailor the treatment to each patient. The decision to initiate an antiepileptic drug in newly diagnosed epilepsy relies on a careful assessment of the expected benefit according both to the risk of seizure recurrence and to the risk of drug-related adverse events.

High incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

We observed several cases of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) revealed after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD). 115 consecutive PD patients who underwent STN-DBS between 2010 and 2014 at the Neurological Hospital in Lyon were retrospectively included. CTS was accepted as the diagnosis only if clinical examination and ENMG both confirmed it.