Establishment of a Quantitative Method for the Extraction of Nicotine and Cotinine in Gingival Tissue and Relationship Between Gingival Intoxication With Conventional Smoking Biomarkers: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Smoking is considered a major risk factor for periodontitis genesis and progression. In clinical studies, specific indicators have been used to characterize the smoking status of the patient as the number of cigarettes consumed (NCC), the pack-years (PY), or Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). However, available literature is missing on the relationship between cotinine gingival intoxication and smoking indicators.

Barbie drug identification: Not a child's play.

Various samples-including two vials with a pharmaceutical appearance-were submitted to the laboratory for identification. The aim of this work was to describe the unique characteristics observed during the analysis of the powder contained in the vial. Samples were submitted to HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-TOF-MS, and/or UPLC-MS-MS analysis.

Three-minute nebulization of gentamicin in healthy dogs results in therapeutic concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid while remaining below the toxic range values in blood.

Objective: To determine and compare the concentration of gentamicin in the lower airways and serum of healthy spontaneously breathing dogs after nebulization with 5% undiluted gentamicin during 3 versus 10 minutes.

Animals: 10 healthy experimental Beagles.

Methods: This was a prospective crossover study.

An Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Study of Cannabidiol Solutions in Piglets through the Application of a Validated Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of CBD and Its Carboxylated Metabolite in Plasma.

Cannabidiol (CBD) has multiple therapeutic benefits that need to be maximized by optimizing its bioavailability. Numerous formulations are therefore being developed and their pharmacokinetics need to be studied, requiring analytical methods and data from intravenous administration. As CBD is susceptible to hepatic metabolism, the requirement of any method is to quantify metabolites such as 7-COOH-CBD.

Intravenous lipid emulsion for a life-threatening prothipendyl intoxication.

Prothipendyl, a lipophilic neuroleptic drug, requires a careful dosage regimen due to its potential side effects, including life-threatening arrhythmias.This report outlines a case of severe prothipendyl intoxication, its management and the successful utilisation of Intralipid, an intravenous lipid emulsion, in treating ventricular arrhythmia postmassive prothipendyl ingestion. Additionally, the mechanism of action of Intralipid and the rebound concentration of the lipophilic drug in such scenarios are discussed.

Intranasal and Serum Gentamicin Concentration: Comparison of Three Topical Administration Protocols in Dogs.

Antimicrobials' topical administration efficacy has not been assessed in dogs with upper respiratory tract disease. The aim was to compare the concentration of gentamicin in nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and in serum after three topical protocols. This was a prospective crossover study of ten healthy dogs.

Cannabidiol in urine is not a proof of CBD consumption-lesson learned from urine sample analysis in routine caseworks.

Purpose: Cannabidiol (CBD) has been gaining popularity in recent years. Knowing that CBD products can contain more tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) than expected, interpretation of cannabinoids concentration in urine can be tricky, especially when low amounts of THC and CBD are found. Moreover, interpretation can also be difficult due to interindividual variation in pharmacokinetics.

Biochip array technology for new psychoactive substances detection in biological samples: Evaluation of the specificity of the Randox Evidence Investigator.

Background: The need to detect new psychoactive substances in biological samples is of crucial interest. In this paper, the specificity of a benchtop immunoanalyzer commercialized by Randox was evaluated on real patient samples.

Method: The Evidence Investigator was assessed to screen for NPS on 80 serum and urine samples coming from patients admitted to the emergency department.

Potential 2-Aminoindane Fatality Invalidated by Careful Mass Spectrometric Analysis.

We describe herewith the case of a patient presenting to the emergency department for worsening ear-nose-throat symptoms. As chemsex was evocated by the family, patient's serum was submitted to a new psychoactive substances screening. After a simple liquid-liquid extraction, serum was injected on a high-resolution mass spectrometer using quite usual conditions (C18 column, gradient mode with acidic buffer, methanol and acetonitrile).

Validation of an UHPLC/DAD method for the determination of cannabinoids in seized materials: Analysis of 213 samples sold in Belgian CBD shops.

Purpose: Nowadays, (-)-cannabidiol (CBD) is gaining popularity for the treatment of various problems and can be found easily in many stores in Belgium. However, such product must comply with the law: if the total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content [(-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol + (-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THC-A)] is higher than 0.2%, it is considered as narcotic by the Belgian legislation.

Death following consumption of MDAI and 5-EAPB.

5-(2-ethylaminopropyl)benzofuran (5-EAPB) and 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI) are two new psychoactive substances (NPS) exhibiting MDMA-like properties. In this paper, we report the case of a 28-years old man, known as drug addict, found dead at home, with two unidentified powders next to him. External examination by the forensic pathologist was unremarkable but no autopsy was performed.

Urinary levels of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol in a general Belgian population.

Bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol are among the endocrine disruptors which are widely used in daily products. In this study, we reported total urinary levels of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol, in order to evaluate the baseline contamination of a general population in Belgium. Bisphenol A and triclosan were detected in respectively 97.

New pyridobenzoxazepine derivatives derived from 5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-8-chloro-pyrido[2,3-b][1,5]benzoxazepine (JL13): chemical synthesis and pharmacological evaluation.

A series of new pyridobenzoxazepine derivatives with various heterocyclic amine side chains were synthesized to explore two main parameters related to the distal basic nitrogen. These compounds were tested for their affinity for dopamine D(2L) and D(4), serotonin 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A), and adrenergic α(2A) receptors in comparison with 5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-8-chloro-pyrido[2,3-b][1,5]benzoxazepine, JL13 (1), and other diarylazepine derivatives. In terms of multireceptor target strategy, 2 and 5 present the most promising in vitro binding profile.