Agreement Between Resting Energy Expenditure Predictive Formulas and Indirect Calorimetry in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background And Aims: The gold standard method for measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) is indirect calorimetry (IC) using an expensive device that requires specialized training. To overcome the limitations of IC, REE prediction formulas are used in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is still controversial which of these formulas has greater accuracy compared to IC.

Longitudinal changes in nutritional parameters and resting energy expenditure in end-stage renal disease.

Aims: To evaluate the nutritional status, resting energy expenditure, caloric and protein intake, and evolution of biochemical parameters in three stages of chronic kidney disease: pre-dialytic, at the beginning of the dialysis treatment, and 30 days after starting treatment.

Methods: The chi-square and Student's t tests were used to compare the variables, and analysis of repeated measurements was used to compare the data obtained in the three moments evaluated. The results were discussed at the 5% level of significance.

Poor agreement between indirect calorimetry and predictive formula of rest energy expenditure in pre-dialytic and dialytic chronic kidney disease.

Background/aims: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common in the end-stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and can be caused by factors related to poor dietary intake and changes in energy expenditure. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the gold standard method to measure resting energy expenditure (REE), however, it is not much available and it is common to use predictive formulas of REE in clinical practice. This study compared the values of REE measured by IC to those estimated by Harris & Benedict formula, the most one used in clinical practice in Brazil.

Resting energy expenditure in critically ill patients: Evaluation methods and clinical applications.

Patients on intensive care present systemic, metabolic, and hormonal alterations that may adversely affect their nutritional condition and lead to fast and important depletion of lean mass and malnutrition. Several factors and medical conditions can influence the energy expenditure (EE) of critically ill patients, such as age, gender, surgery, serious infections, medications, ventilation modality, and organ dysfunction. Clinical conditions that can present with EE change include acute kidney injury, a complex disorder commonly seen in critically ill patients with manifestations that can range from minimum elevations in serum creatinine to renal failure requiring dialysis.

Estimating Catabolism: A Possible Tool for Nutritional Monitoring of Patients With Acute Kidney Injury.

Hypercatabolism has been described as the main nutritional change in acute kidney injury. Catabolism may be defined as the excessive release of amino acids from skeletal muscle. Conditions such as fasting, inadequate nutritional support, renal replacement therapy, metabolic acidosis, and secretion of catabolic hormones are the main factors that affect protein catabolism.